英语科技论文写作是中文版还是英文版

A Flow Shop with Compatibility Constraints in a Steelmaking Plant* Abstract We present a scheduling methodology for applications where the generation of schedules is constrained by antagonistic and vague knowledge. Besides temporal and capacity constraints, compatibility constraints between consecutive jobs are managed. We model the vague constraints and uncertain data by fuzzy set theory. The importance of single jobs and the difficulty to schedule them is defined on the different constraints and is used to control the generation of schedules. A preliminary schedule is generated by considering the important jobs and those that are difficult to schedule first. Easy or not so important jobs are scheduled later. Finally, the achieved schedule is “repaired” until a schedule is found that achieves a given level of satisfaction. Since the goodness of solutions is rated by fuzzy sets, robust schedules achieve better evaluations than weak schedules. However, if no robust solution is found constraints will be relaxed. This methodology is appropriate for applications in process engineering where uncertain knowledge is dominant. We explain the methodology with a case study from a steelmaking plant for high-grade steel 补充： Bidding for the Olympic Games, in a way, an image-creating undertaking. The first and foremost thing is to let people fall in love with the city at first sight, attracting them by its unipue image. What image does Beijing intend to create for itself once it has the opportunity to host the 2008 Olympics? It is known to all that the Beijing Municipal Government has already set the theme for the future games: New Beijing, Great Olympics. For me, the 2008 Olympics will be a great green Olympics illuminated with two more special colors, yellow and red. First, yellow is a meaningful color. The Yellow River is China's Mother River and the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. This color has a special origin and great significance for the Chinese people. Beijing is the capital of New China and previously the capital for nine dynasties in Chinese history. So, yellow will naturally add splendor to the 2008 Games. Secondly, the 2008 Olympics will be a red pageant.Red is another traditionally cherished color for the whole country. We adore red. On big occasions, we like to decorate our homes in red. It is the color of double happiness, representing joyous moments, auspiciousness, enthusiasm and prosperity. Red is one of the most suitable colors to describe the future of Beijing . Beijing , together with the whole country, is becoming more and more prosperous in the process of modernization. Should the 2008 Olympics be held in Beijing, the whole city will be a sea of red : the red torch,red flags, red flowers, and the radiant faces of millions of joyful people. Above all, the 2008 Olympics will be a green Olympics. Adding a green ingredient is essential in creating an appealing image, as we can't deny the fact that Beijing, at the moment, is not as green a city as what we like it to be. Striving for an environmentally appealing city has become a central task for all the citizens of Beijing. Big efforts have been made in pollution control, replanting and beautification of the city. According to a project entitled" The Green Olympic Action Plan", between 1998 and 2007, Beijing, we have invested 100 billion RMB in preserving and protecting the environment. Some 12.5 million trees and over 1 million acres of grass will be planted along the Fourth Ring Road. By then, the city's green area will make up 40% of its total. The city will also dredge its reservoirs used as a water supply to Beijing residents, controlling industrial pollution and moving out the 200 factories presently located within the city proper. Certainly, all of this is no easy task. But I am sure that all of us have confidence that we will realize these green goals. For now we have the full support and participation of the environmentally conscious citizens. Each citizen is showing great concern for every one of the steps the city government takes. As the saying goes, United, we stand, and a green Beijing will be achieved. When our aspiration becomes a reality, it will be a unique Olympics." New Beijing, Great Olympics"; will be weaved of these three superb colors: yellow, red and green. 追问： 用中文写清楚 这篇英文文章研究的是什么问题?这个问题是怎e79fa5e98193e78988e69d83331么研究的?发现了什么?这些发现意 味着什么? 谢谢 回答： 第一篇与电有关

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据学百术堂了解，论文的核心是清楚阐述客观的事物，所有的规矩都是为这两点服务，所以个人认为一些人宣扬的不能出现“第一人称”的说法是扯淡的。
你阐述一个结果，你不能说“我们认为xx现象是由于yy造成，因此zzz”，这样肯定不行。
但是像“我们提出一种xx方法”，这种是没问题的，因为客观就是你们（你和论度文其它作者）提出的。其实很多中文论文都会在摘要或者引言出现“提出一种xx方法”这样的描述，为了不出现第一人称连主语都没了，这或许是“出现第一人称”现象的过往矫正吧。
总结一句话，既然是做科研，就不要因回“大众套路”而墨守成规，体现在写论文上也是，你写的论文的只是以清楚的阐述你文章研究内容为唯一目标而不是去迎合答那些大众写作套路的。
我们只追求对的而不追求“大家都是这样”的。

按研究问题的大小不同可以把论e799bee5baa6e78988e69d83366文范文分、为宏观论文范文和微观论文范文。凡属国家全局性、带有普遍性并对局部工作有一定指导意义的论文范文，称为宏观论文范文。它研究的面比较宽广，具有较大范围的影响。反之，研究局部性、具体问题的论文范文，是微观论文范文。它对具体工作有指导意义，影响的面窄一些。
另外还有一种综合型的分类方法，即把论文范文分为专题型、论辩型、综述型和综合型四大类：
1．专题型论文范文。这是分析前人研究成果的基础上，以直接论述的形式发表见解，从正面提出某学科中某一学术问题的一种论文范文。专题应用型论文范文是一种运用所学的理论基础和专业技能知识，独立地探讨或解决本学科某一问题的论文范文，其基本标准应该是：通过论文范文，可以大致反映作者能否运用所学得的基础知识来分析和解决本学科内某一基本问题的学术水平和能力。当然，它的选题一般也不宜过大，内容不太复杂，要求有一定的创见性，能够较好地分析和解决学科领域中不太复杂的问题。
2．论辩型论文范文。这是针对他人在某学科中某一学术问题的见解，凭借充分的论据，着重揭露其不足或错误之处，通过论辩形式来发表见解的一种论文范文。
3．综述型论文范文。这是在归纳、总结前人或今人对某学科中某一学术问题已有研究成果的基础上，加以介绍或评论，从而发表自己见解的一种论文范文。
4．综合型论文范文。这是一种将综述型和论辩型两种形式有机结合起来写成的一种论文范文。