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八年级上册英语第一单元知识点汇总-必考知识点

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今天小编给各位分享初二英语上册知识点的知识,文中也会对其通过八年级上册英语第一单元知识点汇总-必考知识点和2017八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结等多篇文章进行知识讲解,如果文章内容对您有帮助,别忘了关注本站,现在进入正文!

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  • 八年级上册英语第一单元知识点汇总-必考知识点
  • 2017八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结
  • 八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结
  • 八年级上册英语unit1知识点整理
  • 一、八年级上册英语第一单元知识点汇总-必考知识点

    【考壹佰导读】初中英语学习是一个多种要素集合的统一体,八年级初中英语不再像以前的英语那么容易学了,知识点多,新词汇也比以前要多很多,句型也有了很大变化,长句也多,必须要努力多读多学多背!但是在学习中一定要去理解才能灵活运用,不能死记硬背!以下是考壹佰为大家整理推荐的《八年级上册英语第一单元知识点汇总——必考知识点》,供参考学习!供参考学习!

    Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

    【细节知识点】

    1,一般过去时

    基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;

    否定形式:

    ①was / were + not;

    ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原动词;

    一般疑问句:

    ①Was/Were+主语+其他?

    ②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?

    2,动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed;以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed

    3,go on vacation去度假 be on vacation在度假

    4,anyone任何人,只用于指人,一般用在否定句、疑问句中,后面不接of 短语。做主语时位于动词用单数。

    Eg:Is there anyone at home?

    any one任何一个,指人或物,后面接of 短语。

    Eg:You can take any one of these books.

    说到不定代词,这是这个单元的重点语法,不定代词有三个重要考点,分别是

    ⑴Some和any类的区别,一般来说,some用于肯定,陈述,any 用于否定,疑问,这里大家记住一个特殊的地方,就是非肯定句中的some,用于得到对方肯定回答

    ⑵不定代词做主语,谓语动词用单数

    ⑶形容词修饰不定代词后置

    5,adj修饰不定代词后置

    anything special something important

    enough作adv,修饰adj/ adv 后置

    old enough fast enough

    else作adj,修饰疑问代词和不定代词后置 what else who else something else

    6,quite a few/ little 相当多

    7,How/ what about+V-ing/ n/ 代词 …怎么样?(表建议、询问)

    8,most students= most of the students

    “one of +the most +adj +n复数”表示“最…之一”(这是一个非常重要的句型,记住!)

    Eg:He is one of the most famous writers in China.

    A most +adj +n 非常

    Eg:Hangzhou is a most beautiful city.

    9,buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb

    10,what do you think of/ about…?

    = how do you like…?

    你认为…怎么样?

    11,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing,

    12,主语+ seem+(to be)+表语(n/adj)

    eg:Tom seems to be a smart boy/ happy.

    It seems that从句

    eg:It seems that he understand.

    主语+ seem to do sth

    eg:He seems to understand.

    13,adj 以-ing结尾“令人…的”exciting,interesting,relaxing,boring

    以-ed结尾“人感到…的”excited,interested,relaxed,bored

    这个知识点是非常重要的,大家一定要融融贯通

    14,询问价格:How much is…

    ? What’s the price of… ?

    表示价格高低:…be expensive/ cheap

    The price of … is high/ low

    15,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后面接地点的副词home,here或there ,就不用介词in ,at, to)

    16,decide(not)to do

    decide that从句

    decide+疑问词+不定式

    17,try(not)to do sth尽力做某事

    try doing sth 尝试做某事

    try/ do one’s best to do sth(写作的时候最后一段一定要试试这个搭配,非常好用哦!)

    try it on试穿(动副结构) try out试验 have a try试一试

    18,feel like感觉像 feel like doing sth/ want to do sth/ would like to do sth

    19,a lot of= lots of =plenty of

    20,in the past在过去

    21,enjoy/ like doing

    22,感叹句:How+adj+主谓!

    How+adj+a/an +n单+主谓!

    What+ a/an +adj+ n单+主谓!

    What+ adj+ n复/ 不可数+主谓!

    23,

    more than=over超过 l

    ess than 少于

    more or less或多或少

    24,wait for等待

    25,too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数

    too much“太多”修饰不可数名词

    much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词

    26,because+从句

    because of +n/ V-ing /代词

    27,enough作adj修饰n, enough time enough money

    have enough…to do sth eg:I have enough time to finish the work.

    enough作adv修饰adj/ adv old enough fast enough

    …enough for sb to do sth eg:The job is easy enough for me to do.

    not…enough to do The book isn’t easy enough for me to read.

    too…to… 太……而不能 (考的不少)

    The book is too difficult for me to read.

    so…that…如此……以至于 (注意跟such………that区别)

    The book is so difficult that I can’t read.

    28,the next day第二天

    29,remember/ forget+to do要做

    +doing做过

    30,Stop sb from doing sth阻止某人不让某人干某事

    Stop to do 停下来去做其他事

    Stop doing 停止正在做的事

    31,another two hours=two more hours

    32,at the top of在…顶端,名列…之前 强调点

    on the top of在…上面 强调面

    33,find out查明,弄清 find找到(结果) look for寻找(过程)

    34,go on with/ doing sth继续原来的事

    go on to do sth继续做别的事

    35,so +adj +that +结果状语从句“如此……以致……”

    eg:I was so busy that I didn’t go to sleep for 3 days.

    so that 引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(in order to)

    eg:they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.

    so +adj +(a/ an+n单数)that It is so important a meeting that I can’t miss it.

    such+ a/ an+ adj + n单数+that It is such an important meeting that I can’t miss it.

    such+ adj+n复数/不可数+that

    一、2017八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结

      经历了汗水洗礼,才更懂得收获的喜悦,整理好英语第一单元知识点总结,加油!下面由我为你整理的八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结,希望对大家有帮助!

      八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结1

      1.go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home待在家里

      3.go to the mountains去爬山 4.go to the beach去海滩

      5.visit museums 参观博物馆 6.go to summer camp去参观夏令营

      7.quite a few相当多 8.study for为……而学习

      9.go out出去 10.most of the time大部分时间

      11.taste good尝起来很好吃 12.come up出来,发生

      13.of course当然 14.feel like给……的感觉;感受到

      15.go shopping去购物 16.in the past在过去

      17.walk around四处走走 18.because of因为

      19.one bowl of… 一碗…… 20.the next day第二天

      21.drink tea喝茶 22.find out找出;查明

      23.go on继续 24.take photos照相

      25.something important重要的事 26.up and down上上下下

      27.have a good time玩得高兴=enjoy oneself=have great fun

      1.buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物

      2.taste + adj. 尝起来……

      3.look+adj. 看起来……

      4.nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有

      5.Seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来……

      6.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地

      7.decide to do sth.决定去做某事

      8.try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事

      9.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事

      10.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事

      11.want to do sth.想去做某事

      12.start doing sth.开始做某事

      14.stop doing sth. 停止做某事

      15.dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

      16.keep doing sth.继续做某事

      17.Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢?

      18.so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……

      19.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事

      八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结3

      1.anywhere 与 somewhere

      共同点:两者都是不定副词。

      不同点:anywhere,“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can’t find it anywhere.

      somewhere,“在某处,到某处”,常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.

      2.与seem有关的句式

      1)seem + 形容词 “看起来…..” You seem happy today.

      2)seem + to do sth. “似乎、好像做某事” I seem to have a cold

      3)It seems / seemed + 从句 “看起来好像…;似乎…”. It seems that no one believe you.

      4)seem like ….“好像,似乎…..” It seems like a good idea.

      3. decide:

      1)decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.

      2)decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.

      4. start与begin

      共同点:start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始,可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework.

      不同点:但以下几种情况不能用begin:

      1)创办,开办: He started a new bookshop last month.

      2)机器开动: I can’t start my car.

      3)出发,动身: I will start tomorrow morning.

      5. over:(prep.)

      1)“多于,超过,在…以上(表示数目、程度)”= more than

      如:My father is over 40 years old.

      2)“在…之上,与物体垂直且不接触”,与 under 相反。

      如:There is a map over the blackboard.

      3)“超过”: I hear the news over the radio.

      4)“遍及”: I want to travel all over the world.

      6. too many,too much,much too

      1)too many “太多”,后接可数名词复数。

      如:Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.

      2)too much “太多”,修饰不可数名词或修饰动词作状语。

      如:We have too much work to do.

      Don’t talk too much.

      3)much too “太”,修饰形容词或副词。

      如:The hat is much too big for me.

      You’re walking much too fast.

      小结:分辨三者的口诀: too much, much too, 用法区别看后头: much 后接不可数, too 后修饰形或副。

      too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。

      7. because:

      1)because of 介词短语,“因为,由于”,后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。

      如:He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

      2)because 连词,“因为”,引导状语从句,表示直接明确的原因或理由。

      如:I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

      8.try to do sth.与try doing sth.

      try to do sth:尽力做某事;

      try doing sth.:尝试做某事。

      如:I tried calling him, but no one answered.

      I'm trying to learn English well

      9.forget to do sth. 与forget doing sth.

      1)forget to do sth.忘记将要做的某事

      如:Don’t forget to close the window.别忘了关窗户。

      2)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事

      如:I forget closing the window.我忘记已经关上窗户了。

      10.stop doing sth.与stop to do sth.

      1)stop to do sth.停下了去做另一件事

      如:I stopped to eat。我停下来开始吃东西。

      2)stop doing sth.停止做某事

      如:I stopped eating。我停止吃东西。

      11.something,somebody,someone; anything,anybody,anyone

      something,somebody,someone:用于肯定句

      anything,anybody,anyone:用于否定句、疑问句或条件句

      八年级上册英语第一单元知识点总结4

      1.Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了?

      1)这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句。

      如:Where are you from?

      Where does he live?

      2)go on vacation“去度假 ”

      He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。

      2.Did you buy anything special?你买特别的东西了吗?

      1)buy,vt,“购买”

      如:It takes a lot of money to buy a house.买一座房子要花一大笔钱。

      2)buy sth. for sb. =buy sb. sth.为某人买某物

      如:My father bought me a bike.

      =My father bought a bike for me.

      3)anything special“特别的东西”

      注意:形容词修饰不定代词要后置

      如:Do you want anything else?你还想要其他什么吗?

      3.We took quite a few photos there.

      1)take photos照相,拍照

      如:Could you help me take some photos?

      2)quite a few“相当多”,后加可数名词复数

      quite a little“相当多”,后加不可数名词

      如:There are quite a few people in the restaurant.

      There is quite a little water in the bottle.

      4.Everything tasted really good.所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃。

      taste,连系动词,“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构。

      如:The food tastes really great.

      与之类似的词:sound(听起来),feel(摸起来),look(看起来)。

      5.How did you like it?你觉得它怎么样?

      用来询问对方的观点或看法。

      =What did you think of it?

      =How did you feel about it?

      6.Did you go shopping?你们去购物吗?

      go shopping“去购物”

      拓展:go doing“去做某事”,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。

      如:go climbing ; go skating (去滑冰); go hiking ; go sightseeing ; go fishing ; go boating(去划船)

      7.I went to a friend's farm in the country with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。

      a friend's farm是名词所有格形式,“一个朋友的农场”。

      拖展:名词的所有格:

      名词的所有格主要表示所属关系,它有两种构成方式,即-’s 所有格和 of 所有格

      一)’s格的用法?

      1)主要用于有生命的名词,其所有格构成为:单数名词后加's;

      复数名词以s作结尾的后加',不以s作结尾的后加's。

      总结:复数名词以s结尾加’,其他都加’s

      如:Tom's dog, my brother's books, Mary's boyfriend, sheep's skin, your boss’decision.

      2)用于表示时间,距离,地点,团体,重量,价格这六类无生命名词的所有格,也要加's表示所有,

      如: a day's work(一天的工作),two miles' distance(两英里的距离), ten dollars' worth, five miles' distance,

      twenty pounds' weight,Beijing's future, the government's decision,Japan's industry,the earth’plants.

      3)所有格的一个特殊形式:共有物,只在最后一个名词的后面加's,即“共有物,最后加”;

      不共有,则每个名词之后都要加's,即“各自有,各自加”;

      如:Bill and Hillary’s house. (Bill和Hillary共有的房子)

      Bill’s and Hillary’s houses(Bill和Hillary各自的房子)

      4)所有格的省略:表示理发店、商店等名词或一些习惯用法,如: the barber's. my sister’s, the tailor’s.

      二)of所有格的用法

      主要用于无生命的名词,其所有格构成为: “of+名词”的结构。

      如:a map of China

      8.The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。

      nothing adj to do “没什么事可做”

      如:I have nothing special to do this afternoon.今天下午我没有什么特殊的事要做。

      拓展:nothing but“只有,除..之外什么也没有”;

      have nothing to do but do sth.“只能做某事”=have no chance but to do sth.

      如:I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning.我今天早上只喝了杯茶。

      I had nothing to do but watch TV.w我只能看电视了。

    二、八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结

    将该知识点有可能涉及到的相关知识进行分析讲解。那么八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结该怎么写呢?下面是我为大家整理的八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结,希望对大家有帮助。
      八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结篇一
      Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

      本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。

      本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。

      2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:

      (1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;

      (2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);

      (3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。

      He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something,形容词important放后)

      Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后)

      Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?

      (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后)

      (4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
      八年级上英语第一单元知识点总结篇二
      本单元的短语和知识点:

      1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山

      2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考 go out出去

      4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好

      taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词

      7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴,玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词原形:除了……之外什么都没有

      He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。

      10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。

      seem+(to be)+形容词:看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。

      11.keep a diary记日记

      12. in+大地方:达到某地 (get to +地方:达到某地)

      arrive at+小地方:达到某地 (get的过去式为got)

      若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词,后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。

      Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。

      13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事

      15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走

      enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词,差异,差别)---- different(形容词,不同的)

      18.start doing sth:开始做某事 (= start to do sth)

      19.19.over an hour一个多小时 (over超过,多余 = more than)

      20. too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。

      much too 太,后跟形容词或副词 , 分辨三者的口诀: too much,

      much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。

      21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing),不能接句子。

      because因为,后跟句子。

      He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词)

      = He was late for school because he got up late.

      22. enough(足够的)与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money .

      23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用,enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.

      24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)

      Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot)

      25. so+形容词+that+句子:如此…以至于…

      too+形容词+to do sth:太…以至于不能…

      形容词+enough to do sth:足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)

      He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.

      = He isn′t old enough to go to school.

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    三、八年级上册英语unit1知识点整理

    书籍好比一架梯子,它能引导我们登上知识的殿堂。书籍如同一把钥匙,它能帮助我们开启心灵的智慧之窗。下面给大家分享一些关于 八年级 上册英语unit1知识点整理,希望对大家有所帮助。

    01Unit1单词

    anyone /'eniw?n/ pron.任何人

    anywhere /'eniwe?(r)/ adv.任何地方

    wonderful /'w?nd?fl/ adj.精彩的;绝妙的

    few/ fju:/adj.&pron.不多;很少

    quite a few相当多;不少(后接可数名词)

    most /m??st/ adj.,adv.&pron.最多;大多数

    something /'s?mθ??/ pron.某事;某物

    nothing (=not…anything) /'n?θ??/ pron.没有什么;没有一件东西

    everyone /'evriw?n/ pron.每人;人人;所有人

    of course /?vk?:s/ 当然;自然

    myself /ma?'self/ pron.我自己;我本人

    yourself /j?:'self/ pron.你自己;您自己

    hen /hen/ n.母鸡

    pig /p?g/n.猪

    seem /si:m/ vi.好像;似乎;看来

    bored /b?:d/ adj.厌倦的;烦闷的

    someone /'s?mw?n/ pron.某人

    diary /'da??ri/ n. 日记 ;日记簿(keep a diary)

    activity /?k't?v?ti/ n.活动

    decide /d?'sa?d/ v.决定;选定(decide to do sth.)

    try /tra?/ v.尝试;设法;努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)

    paragliding /'p?r?ɡla?d??/ n.空中滑翔跳伞

    feel like 给……的感觉;感受到

    bird /b?:d/ n.鸟

    bicycle /'ba?s?kl/ n.自行车;脚踏车

    building /'b?ld??/ n.建筑物;房子

    trader /'tre?d?(r)/ n.商人

    wonder /'w?nd?(r)/ v.想知道;琢磨

    difference /'d?fr?ns/ n.差别;差异

    top /t?p/ n.顶部;表面

    wait /we?t/ v.等待;等候(wait for)

    umbrella /?m'brel?/ n.伞;雨伞

    wet /wet/ adj.湿的;雨天的

    because of因为

    below /b?'l??/ prep.&adv.在……下面;到……下面

    enough /?'n?f/ adj.足够的(地)adv.充足的(地);充分的(地)

    hungry /'h??ɡri/ adj.饥饿的

    as /?z/ conj.像……一样;如同

    hill /h?l/ n.小山;山丘

    duck /d?k/ n.鸭

    dislike /d?s'la?k/v.&n.不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)

    Central Park 中央公园(美国纽约)

    HuangguoshuWarterfall /'w?:t?(r)f?:l/ 黄果树瀑布(贵州)

    HongKong /,h??'k??/,/'ha:?,ka:?/香港(中华人民共和国特别行政区)

    Malaysia /m?'le???/马来西亚;

    Malaysian /m?'le??n/adj.马来西亚的;n.马来西亚人;

    Georgetown /?d??:d?ta?n/乔治市(马来西亚)

    Weld /weld/ Quay /ki:/ 海墘街

    Penang /p??n??/ Hill 槟城山(马来西亚)

    Tian'anmen Square /skwe?/,/skwer/天安门广场

    the Palace /?p?l?s/ Museum 故宫博物院

    Mark /mɑ:(r)k/马克(男名)

    02Unit1知识梳理

    Unit1. Where did you go on vacation?

    【重点 短语 】

    1. go on vacation 去度假

    2. stay at home 呆在家

    3. go to the mountains 上山/进山

    4. go to the beach 到海边去

    5. visit museums 参观博物馆

    6. go to the summer camp 去夏令营

    7. quite a few 相当多

    8. study for为…… 学习,

    9. go out 出去

    10. most of the time 大部分时间/绝大多数时间

    11. taste good 尝起来味道好

    12. have a good time 玩的开心

    13. of course 当然可以

    14. feel like 感觉像……/想要

    15. go shopping 去购物

    16. in the past 在过去

    17. walk around 绕……走

    18. too many 太多(可数名词前面)

    19. because of 因为

    20. one bowl of 一碗……

    21. find out 查出来/发现

    22. go on 继续

    23. take photos 照相

    24. something important 重要的事情

    25. up and down 上上下下

    26. come up 出来

    【重点句型】

    1. —Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了?

    —I went to New York City. 我去了纽约城。

    2. —Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗?

    —No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.

    不,没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。

    3. —Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?

    —Yes, I bought something for my father. 对,我给父亲买了一些东西。

    4. —How was the food? 食物怎么样?

    —Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。

    5. —Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗?

    —Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对,一切都很精彩。

    6. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.

    晚上除了读书以外无事可做。

    03Unit1词汇精讲

    1. anywhere

    anywhere是副词,意为“在任何地方”,常用在否定句或疑问句中,而在肯定句中,则多用somewhere。例如:

    He can’t find his English book anywhere.

    他到处找不到他的英语书。

    I think he must live somewhere.

    我觉得他肯定住在某个地方。

    2. few

    few 意为“少数的;很少的”,只修饰可数名词,表否定含义。例如:

    I can see few birds in the tree. 我几乎看不到树上有鸟。

    a few 意为“几个;少许” 相当于several,只修饰可数名词复数,表肯定含义。例如:

    He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。

    【拓展】

    (1) little 意为“很少;一点儿”,用于 “量;额;价值”等概念,修饰不可数名词,表否定含义。little还表示“小的”之意。例如:

    There is little milk in the cup. 杯子里没有牛奶了。

    A little boy is coming. 一个小男孩过来了。

    (2) a little 意为“有点儿;少量” 修饰不可数名词,表示肯定含义。例如:

    He has a little money with him. 他随身带了点儿钱。

    a little也可以用作副词,修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语,表示“有点,稍稍”。例如:

    He is a little tired. 他有点累了。

    You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。

    She was only a little over fifty years old.她才五十多一点。

    (3) 相关短语:

    quite a few = not a few 相当多的

    quite a little许多

    only a little = but a little 相当少

    3. most

    (1) most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数),同时,也可接有形容词修饰的名词。例如:

    Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜欢踢 足球 。

    (2) most前有定冠词时,可用来修饰多音节形容词,表示最高级,意为“最”。但是,如果most前有不定冠词a,则表示“非常;很”,相当于very。例如:

    This is the most beautiful flower. 这是最漂亮的花。

    She is a most beautiful girl. 她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。

    (3) most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词,用most of代替most。例如:

    I did most of that difficult work. 那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。

    Most of the time we eat fish. 绝大部分时间我们都吃鱼肉。

    【拓展】

    (1) almost = very nearly,指在程度上相差很少,almost可与no,none,nothing,never,nobody等表示否定意义的词连用。例如:

    I almost missed the flight.我差一点误了航班。

    Almost no one believed what he said.

    几乎没人相信他的话。

    (2) mostly=mainly 意为“大部分、主要地”。例如:

    The students in our class are mostly from the factory.

    我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。

    His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries.

    他的 故事 大多是关于他在国外旅游的经历

    4. bored

    bored也是形容词,意为“感到厌烦的”,一般用来说明人的感受。例如:

    I’m bored with the book. 我对这本书厌烦了。

    【拓展】

    (1) boring是形容词,意为“令人厌烦的”,一般用来说明事物的特征。例如:

    The story is boring. 这个故事令人厌烦。

    (2) 英语中,带-ing的形容词,用来形容事物,指某事物的性质、特征,意为“令人……的”“让人……的”,常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的,意为“感到……的”“使人……的”,其主语是人,类似的词有:

    exciting 令人兴奋的 excited (人)感到兴奋的

    interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested(人)感兴趣的

    moving 令人感动的 moved(人)感动的

    tiring 令人厌倦的 tired(人)感到疲倦/累/厌烦的

    5. decide

    decide是动词,意为“决定,选定”。常见用法有:

    (1) decide sth.意为“决定某事”。 例如:

    I can’t decide anything at the moment.

    现在我不能做出任何决定。

    (2) decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”。例如:

    We decide to go to Paris next month.

    我们决定下个月去巴黎。

    The boy decided to be a sailor. 那男孩决定做海员。

    The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.

    医生们决定为他开刀切除肿瘤。

    【拓展】

    decide on…意为“由……决定;决定于……”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如:

    I decided on going to Beijing at last.

    最后我决定去北京了。

    My mother decided on the red dress.

    我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。

    6. enough

    (1) enough作形容词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的”,可作表语或定语,作定语时,可放在名词的前面或后面。例如:

    The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。

    I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。

    (2) enough还可作副词,意为“足够地”,这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如:

    The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.

    那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。

    【拓展】

    (1) enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如:

    I don’t have enough time to eat lunch.

    我没有足够的时间吃午饭。

    (2) …enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如:

    He isn’t old enough to go to school.

    = He is too young to go to school.

    = He is so young that he can’t go to school.

    他太小而不能上学。

    7. seem

    seem是系动词,意为“好像,似乎,看来”,后常接形容词。例如:

    He seems very angry. 他好像非常生气。

    【拓展】

    seem的用法归纳:

    (1) seem + 名词 例如:

    He seems a nice man. 他看起来是个好人。

    (2) seem like…意为“好像,似乎……”。 例如:

    It seemed like not a bad idea at that time.

    那时这主意好像不错。

    (3) seem to do sth. 意为“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。例如:

    I seem to have left my book at home.

    我好像把书忘在家里了。

    (4) It seems that…或It seemed that…意为“看起来好像……,似乎……”。例如:

    It seemed that he was very happy.

    他看上去好像很高兴。

    (5) seem to be + 形容词或名词 例如:

    She seems to be happy. 她看起来很高兴。

    8. try

    try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事,尽量去做某事”,其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如:

    Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。

    Try to get here in two hours. 尽量在两小时之内到达。

    【拓展】

    (1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”,强调尝试做某事。例如:

    You should try eating more vegetables.

    你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。

    (2) try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如:

    We should try our best to finish the work on time.

    我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。

    (3) try 构成的短语:

    try sth. on 试穿

    try out sth. 试验、检验

    have a try 试一试

    try for sth. 试图获得某物

    try one’s best 尽某人最大努力

    04Unit1句式精讲

    1. Did you do anything special last month?

    本句是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句,其中的anything special意为“任何特别的事”,special是形容词,修饰anything。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。例如:

    Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗?

    Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗?

    Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗?

    【拓展】复合不定代词的用法:

    (1) 复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质,在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。

    (2)复合不定代词通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当 句子 的主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

    Is everyone here today? 今天,大家都到齐了吗?

    Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.

    世上无难事,只怕有心人。

    (3) 由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词(即something和anything;someone和anyone;somebody和anybody)之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。

    1) something,someone,somebody通常用于肯定句中,而anything,anyone,anybody一般用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中。例如:

    He found something strange but interesting.

    他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。

    Do you have anything to say ?你有话要说吗?

    I didn’t meet anybody on the island.

    在岛上,我没遇见任何人。

    2) 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,也用something,someone,somebody等复合不定代词。例如:

    Would you like something to eat?要些吃的东西吗?

    Isn’t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗?

    3) 当anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)”,anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。例如:

    Anything is OK. 什么都行。

    Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。

    口诀:

    不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。

    2. Yes, I bought something for my father.

    本句中用了buy sth. for sb.的句型。buy sth. for sb.意为“给某人买某物”,也可用buy sb. sth,即buy后跟双宾语,sb. 指人是间接宾语,sth.指物是直接宾语。例如:

    He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me.

    他给我买了一份礼物。

    【拓展】

    英语中带双宾语的动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须加上to或for。常见的此种用法的动词分两类:

    (1) 动词buy; draw; make等可跟双宾语,当直接宾语前置时,必须在间接宾语前加for,即:

    buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如:

    Mother made a pair of trousers for her son.

    母亲为儿子做了一条裤子。

    (2) 动词give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand和bring接双宾语,当直接宾语前置时,需在间接宾语前加to构成。即:give/ pass/ lend… sth. to sb. 例如:

    I’ll send it to you. 我会把它送给你的。

    【注意】上述能接双宾语的动词,一般情况下两种形式可以互换,即vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.。但当直接宾语是代词时,不论间接宾语是何种词性,只能用vt. + sth.(代词) + for(to) sb.

    3. Everything tasted really good!

    本句中的taste在此是系动词,意为“尝起来”,后面接形容词作表语。例如:

    The food tastes good. 食物尝起来很香。

    【拓展】

    (1) look,sound,smell,taste,feel这五个动词都与人的感觉有关,可称之为“感官”动词。

    这五个动词均可作系动词,后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外, 其它 几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。例如:

    The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。

    These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。

    The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。

    (2) look,sound,smell,taste,feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语,like后面常用名词。

    Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。

    4. …because there were too many people.

    too many在句中作形容词,意为“许多,大量”,后接可数名词。例如:

    There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read.

    房间里有太多的书了,你可以选择任何一本来读。

    例如:

    Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth.

    不要吃太多的糖,对牙齿不好。

    It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat.

    外面太冷了,你应该穿上外套。

    I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了,现在饱了。

    You ask too many questions. 你问得太多了。

    5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.

    本句中的because of 是复合介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。例如:

    He lost his job because of his age.

    由于年龄关系他失去了工作。

    He knew she was crying because of what he had said.

    他知道她哭是因为他说的话。

    【拓展】because和because of的辨析:

    (1) because of和because是 同义词 ,都可以表示原因,但是,because后面接句子,常用来回答why的提问,一般放于主句之后,也可以单独存在;而because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如:

    I stayed at home because it rained.

    因为下雨我待在家里。

    Because Lingling was ill, she didn’t come to school.

    玲玲因病没有上学。

    — Why is she absent? 她为什么缺席??

    — Because she is sick. 因为她病了。

    We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain.

    我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。


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