2016高考英语语法状语从句的省略学习一二

内容导航：

2016高考英语语法状语从句的省略学习一二

高考英语省略知识点

高考英语语法省略的用法怎样用？举例

英语省略句语法总结及例句

一、2016高考英语语法状语从句的省略学习一二

2016高考英语语法状语从句的省略学习一二

一：状语从句中的省略省略句的规则

1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it)．

2.从句谓语中包含be动词．如：be doing, be done, be to do, be +adj

在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词．保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。

1. Don’t speak until（you are）spoken to .

2. I’ll buy a TV set if （it is ）necessary.

3. While（ I was ）walking walking alone in the street, I heard my name called.

4.Tom raised his hand as if (he was ) to say something.

二：常见的几种状语从句的省略

1.when，while，as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略

while(they are)visiting the city．they received a warm welcome.

when(he was)asked why he was late，he kept silent．

●注意After finishing his homework, he went home happily.

Before being repaired, the TV set needs a careful examination.

2.if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句的省略

Once(it is)begun．it must be done well．

Unless（you are invited) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

Correct mistakes, if any.

3.though，although, even if, even though引导的让步状语从句的省略

Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.

4.as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句的省略

He shook his head as if (he was）to say: “Don’t trust her”.

She left the room hurriedly as if( she was) angry.

He stared at the girl as if (he was) seeing her for the first time.

You should finish the homework as (you are)required.

5. than引导的比较状语从句的省略

They sent us much more materials than required.

1._____________________ (在北京的时候), I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.

2. ____________________(当是个年轻人的时候), Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster.

3.He has no money_____(要是有的话), he will give us.

4._____________(除非修理), the machine is of no use.

1.When/While in Beijing

2.When/As a young man

3.If any

4.Unless repaired

翻译Translation:

1.他曾经是个老师,他现在在一个政府办公室工作.

2.这次展览比预料的有趣.

3.她张开嘴好象要大哭起来.

4.除非邀请,否则我不会去参加这次晚会.

5.明天早点起来,要是不起来的话,你就赶不上第一班车了.

6.当我在做作业时,我听到有人喊救命.

7.他篮球打得即使没你好,也起码一样好.

1.Once a teacher, he now works in a government office

2. The exhibition is more interesting than expected.

3.She opened her mouth as if to burst into tears.

4. Unless invited, I won’t take part in the party. 5.Get up early. If not, you will miss the first bus.

5.Get up early. If not, you will miss the first bus.

6. While doing my homework, I heard someone crying for help.

7.He plays basketball, if not better than, as well as you.

一、高考英语省略知识点

省略，指免去，除去。在一定条件下省去一个或多个 句子 成分;为了表达的简捷，省去话中可以省去的字句，有不说可明白时的省笔，有扼要概括的略写，下面我给大家分享一些高考英语省略知识点，希望能够帮助大家，欢迎阅读!

高考英语省略知识

考点一、状语从句中的省略

(1) 当主句主语与从句主语相同(或从句主语为it)，并且从句谓语中含be动词，常将从句主语和be动词省略，构成省略形式。(2) as / than引导比较状语从句时，从句通常使用省略形式。如：He earns less than his wife (does).【考例】The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ____, reaching 30°C in summer.A. if notB. if everC. if anyD. if so解析：B。当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。if ever与rarely连用，意为“极少”。

考点二、动词不定式的省略

【考例1】 Let those in need ____ that we will go all out to help them.A. to understandB. understand C. understanding D. understood 解析：B。let sb do sth使役动词后面的动词不定式符号to省略。 【考例2】 The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _____. A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not解析：B。“在路边停车”这一动作前面已经提到，所以后面应省略以使句子简洁。

考点三、使用替代词so / not

英语中常用so / not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，多跟在I’m afraid / I hope / I think / I guess / I believe / I expect / I suppose等开头的答语中，条件状语从句中也有类似的用法。如：if so / if not句中。【考例1】—You could always put the decision off a little bit longer.—____ If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance. A. That’s reasonable advice. B. Isn’t it a good idea?C. Do you think so? D. I can’t agree more. 解析：C。第二个人不是肯定第一个人的意见，用Do you think so? 先进行反问，然后给出自己的观点。

考点四、情景交际中的省略

在情景对话中，常常省略大家都知道的内容或不会引起歧义的部分，只保留主干部分或关键词。【考例】 —Mary’s been offered a job in a university, but she doesn’t want to take it. —____? It’s a very good chance. A. Guess what B. So what C. Who cares D. But why 解析：D。But why(但是为什么)是But why(doesn’t she want to take it)?的省略。

英语答题 方法 和技巧

英语听力 问答

英语考试的第一大项就是英文听力，若是做的不好会影响到后面题目的作答。听听力前要先浏览每个听力题目，熟悉每一个听力选项，猜测这一道听力小题目对话可能会说些什么，答案又有可能是哪一个。这样带着问题听力更能加大对关键词汇的敏感度，提高听力的准确性，获得更高的分数。

英语单选题

单选题注重的是平时的积累，单词的熟悉度， 短语 的用法，以及语法的运用都是单选得分的重点。而在考试时可以先排除自己确定的不正确答案，可以划掉这个选项，避免我们重复的看这个选项而耽误其他做题时间。

英语完型填空

此题型是将 文章 中的部分单词扣出，再找来三个相近的单词来混淆我们的选择，第一步我们可以将每个单词带入文章中，翻译看语句通顺与否。遇到选单词格式比如现在进行时或者一般过去式，可以看看前后是否能组成短语，根据短语来确定单词的格式。

英语阅读 理解

阅读理解讲究的是阅读的速度与质量，以及对文章的理解程度。在阅读之前不妨先简单阅读以下文章下面的各个题目，明白文章会考我们哪些内容，带着疑问去读文章，相信会有更大的收获。

英语 作文 题

作文题更在于平时的积累，因为写作文会用到大量的单词以及固定短语，这需要我们在平时学习的过程中就注意积累作文常用表达的 收藏 与运用，在考试时我们可以直接搬过来使用，会节省很多时间也会让自己的作文看起来更加连贯精彩。

英语短文改错套路

1、定冠词和不定冠词的用法，即a,an,the三者的转化与增减。

例：abeautyofthewestlakeismorethanicandescribe.正解：a--the

2、名词的单复数和名词所有格。

例：morethanonestudentscan’ttakeinit.正解：students—student

3、动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词。

例：heisgoodatsingsongs.正解：sing—singing

4、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等用法。

例：thebookisher.正解：her—hers

5、词性的变化。

例：johndeepbelievedthatthegodknowseverything.正解：deep—deeply

6、并列连词、从属连词的用法。

例：sheinsistedthattheboytoldwasalie.正解：that—what

7、形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法。

例：theyallexactingbytheexactednews.正解：exacting—exacted;exacted—exacting

二、高考英语语法省略的用法怎样用？举例

英语中为了避免重复，往往省去一个词语或更多成分，这种语法现象称为省略。省略的情况复杂、多样，综合近年来的高考题，常在以下几个方面对省略进行考查。
一、 考查状语从句中的省略
例1. When first ______to the market, theseproducts enjoyed great success. (2004高考)
A. introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introduced
2._____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does notseem big at all. (2004湖北)
A. Compare B.When comparing C. Comparing D.Whencompared
3.The research is so designed thatonce nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全国)
A. begins B. havingbegun C. beginning D.begun
Key：1.B 2.D 3.D
简析 状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词，从句的主语连同be可一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when,while, though, if, unless, although, as if等，后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。
例 Look out for cars when （you are） crossingthe street.
另外，在when /if it is necessary , possible 结构中， it is通常省略。
例 Drop in on me if (it is ) possible.
二、 考查定语从句中关系代词及关系副词的省略
例.1.That’s an unpleasant thing to say aboutyour father after _______ he’s done for you. (2004高考)
A. something B. anything C. all D.that
2. Playing tricks on others is ______we should never do.(2004湖南)
A. anything B.something C.everything D.nothing
3. What surprised me was not what he said but ___he said it. (2004湖北)
A. the way B. in the waythat C. in the way D. the way which
Key: 1.C 2.B 3.A
简析 关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后可以省略；关系副词 that在先行词reason/ way后的省略。
例 This is the reason why / for which / that/省略he was late. (that 为关系副词，可省略)
三、不定式符号to 的省略
例:1.A computer does only what thinking people _________.(1999上海)
A. have it do B. have itdone C. havedone it D.having it done
2. We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no choice but_____ a taxi. (1993上海)
A. to take B.taking C. take D.taken
Key: 1.A 2.A
简析:不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listento, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时,不定式省略to。
例 I watched him disappear in the distance.
不定式符号to在介词but ,except, besides后的省略。介词but ,except,besides 后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词do,不定式要省去to。
例We did nothing but/except wait then.
不定式符号to作表语时的省略。当主语部分有行为动词do,作表语的不定式to可省略。
例What I want to do now is find some books to read.
四、考查不定式后动词的省略
例: 1.--- Would you like to go to the Great Theatre with metonight.
--- ______.(1999上海高考)
A. Yes, I would like to go to the Great Theater with youtonight.
B. I’d love to, but I have an exam tomorrow.
C. No, I wouldn’t D.That’s all right
2.--- Does your brother intend to studyGermany?
--- Yes, heintends ________. (1998上海高考)
A./ B.to C.so D.that
3.--- I’ll be away on a business trip. Wouldyou mind looking after my car?
--- Not atall. ________. (1995NMET)
A. I’ve no time B. I’d rathernot C. I’d likeit D. I’d behappy to
Key: 1.B 2.B 3.D
简析 动词love, mean, want, hate, like, wish,expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad(pleased, delighted, happy) to等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留to不定式符号。
例--- How about going for a walk ?
--- I’d like to ( go for a walk ) .
句式would have done …, should have done…, ought to have done…,needn’t have done …, used to be …等省略形式为 would have ,should have , ought to have, needn’t have , used to be,要保留不定式后的be或have。
例 ---Are you a sailor ?
--- No, but I used to be (a sailor).
五、对替代词so 及not 的考查
1. --- You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?
--- ______.I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment.(2004江苏高考)
A. I hopenot B. Yes, Ihave C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraidso
2. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they ?
--- ________.(2003北京春)
A. I guess notso B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guessso D. I guessnot
3.--- I believe we’ve met somewhere before.
--- No, ________. (2000北京春)
A. it isn’t the same B. it can’t be true C. I don’t think so D. I’d rather not
Key: 1.A 2.D 3.C
简析 替代词so /not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，代替肯定的名词性从句。可与动词believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及I’m afraid连用。肯定时上列动词都可与so 搭配，否定时hope与guess只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose等词可有两种否定形式 ，即：I think not 或I don’t think so.
例 --- Is he going to studyabroad?
--- I believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad)
六、 考查虚拟语气中if 及should 的省略
1._____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to putoff the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 )
A. Were B. Should C. Would D.Will
2.What would have happened _______ as far as the river bank ?(2001上海高考)
A. Bob hadwalkedfarther B. if Bobshould walk farther
C. had Bobwalkedfarther D. if Bobwalked farther
3.Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination.( 1994上海高考)
A. be,should have B. was,have C. should be, had D. was,has
4.____be sent to work there ? (2002上海高考)
A. Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest whoshould D. Do yousuggest
Key: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
简析 在书面语中,当条件从句有were, had, should 时省略if , 把它们提至句首,形成倒装句式。
在含有建议、要求、命令等相关的名词性从句用should + V ，should可以省略。
例 He suggested that she (should ) go atonce.
注suggest表示“暗示” 时用陈述语气
七、 会话中的省略
例: 1.---Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party lastnight.
--- ______. I’m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004辽宁)
A. Soundsgood! B. Very well C. How nice ! D. All right!
2.--- Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.
--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition?(2004重庆)
A. What for ? B. Thanks alot . C. Yes, I’d liketo D. Why not?
3. ---Brad was Jane’sbrother!
--- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane ! (2004浙江)
A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course
4. If you are planning to spend your moneyhaving fun this week, better ____ it —— you’ve got some bigbills coming. (2004广东高考)
A. forget B.forgot C. forgetting D. toforget
Key: 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A
简析 省略在会话中广泛应用，解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整,做好该类题型一是要注意上下文语境，二是要注意常见句式的省略。英语中常见句式的省略有：
1.It is … (that…) 强调句式中that部分省略。 2.(It is) No wonder … ( 难怪…)
3.(Is there) Anything else ?
4.(You’d) Better do
5.have some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth等词组中介词在口语中常省略
例: 1.--- Where did you see him last night?
--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.
A. where B.that C.which D. /
2. You can’t imagine the great difficulty I had _____ yourhouse.
A. finding B.found C. tofind D. find
key 1.A 2.A
简析 第1题可以补全强调句式that 部分： It was inthe hotel where he stayed that I saw him last night. hotel后为定语从句。
第2题是对have difficulty in doing sth词组置于定语从句的考查，介词in 的省略加大了该题的难度。
高考链接
1. --- Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
--- ______. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn’t agreemore B. I’m afraid not
C. I believenot D. I don’t think so
2. --- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?
--- _______? (2004 全国I 卷)
A. Whatfor B. What is it
C. How isit D. How come
3. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer andsome nails. (2004天津高考)
A.Something B. All
C.Both D. Everything
4. Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at theconference. (2003年上海春季高考)
A.invited B. inviting
C. beinginvited D. having invited
5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____whether he was going in the right direction.（2003年北京春季）
A.seeing B. having seen
C. to haveseen D. to see
6. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him touniversity. (2002 年上海高考)
A.lacked B. lacking of
C.lacking D. lacked in
7. When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.(2002年 上海春季高考)
A.completed B. completing
C. beingcompleted D. to be completed
8. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance toscience. ( 1998上海高考)
A. which I think is B. which Ithink it is
C. which I thinkit D. I thinkis
9. If ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.(1998年上海高考)
A.giving B.give
C.given D. beinggiven
10. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
---I ________, but I had an unexpected visitor. (1997NMET）
A.had B. would
C. was goingto D.did
Key: 1-5.AABAA 6-10. CAACC
综上所述，高考对省略的考查主要对状语从句中的省略、不定式的省略、否定问句的省略回答、虚拟条件句中if的省略及比较级的省略的考查。只有掌握了常见的省略现象及其考查形式，才能以不变应万变，在高考中立于不败之地。

三、英语省略句语法总结及例句

英语中的省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在英语语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。

词的省略

1.省略介词：I've studied English (for) five years.我已学五年英语了。

2.省略连词that：I believe (that) you will succeed.我相信你们会成功的。

3.省略关系代词：I'll give you all (that) I have.我要把我所有的一切都给你。

句子成分的省略

1.省略主语：(You) Open the door,please.请开一下门。

2.省略谓语：Who (comes) next?该谁了?

3.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分：(There is) No smoking.禁止抽烟。

4.省略表语：Are you thirsty ? 你30岁了吗?Yes,I am (thirsty).是的，我是。

5.省略宾语：Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry(dishes). 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。

6.省略状语：He was not hurt. (how)Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪!

7.同时省略几个成分：(I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好运/祝你顺利。

省略句的基本情况

1.为避免重复而进行的省略。当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。

2.语法上的省略。有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。

3.习惯用法上的省略。有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略：Very easy?很简单吗？