重点语法｜虚拟语气全攻略，英语成绩提升39分，必走之路！

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重点语法｜虚拟语气全攻略，英语成绩提升39分，必走之路！

英语四级重点语法知识：虚拟语气

新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解

英语虚拟语气语法总结是什么？

一、重点语法｜虚拟语气全攻略，英语成绩提升39分，必走之路！

虚拟语气是高考英语必考的语法点，其遍布在听力、阅读、完形、语法填空、写作等各个题型中。今天，就和小简老师一起来学习学习虚拟语气吧！

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一、虚拟语气的概念

虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。

另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。

二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气

1.表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句，一律用主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式：

一坚持（主张）：insist

二命令：order，command

三要求：require，request，demand

四建议：suggest，advise，propose，recommend

例如：

It was suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（主语从句）

I suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（宾语从句）

I had an suggestion that he（should）join in the club activities.（同位语从句）

My suggestion was that he（should）join in the club activities.（表语从句）

这四句话表达同一个意思：我建议他加入这个俱乐部的活动。

2.表示重要性、必要性、吃惊等时，一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。

例如：

It's important that you (should) study English hard.

努力学习英语是很重要的。

It's necessary that you (should) praise your students as much as possible.

尽可能多的表扬你的学生是有必要的。

It is strange that she (should) not have been invited.

很奇怪她竟然没有被邀请。

3. ① wish 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为“要是/但愿…就好了”），其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句；表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句；表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+would/could+动词原形。

I wish it were spring all year round.

我希望一年四季都是春天。

I wish it would be fine tomorrow.

我希望明天天气好。

She wished she had stayed at home then.

她希望她当时待在家里。

if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。

② would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为“宁愿......”），其形式主要有两种：表示对现在/将来情况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句；表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句

三、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况

从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were)

主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do

If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.

如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)

If I were you,I would take an umbrella.

如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）

If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.

如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况

从句：If+主语+had+done

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done

If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.

如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）

If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况

从句：①if+主语+were to do

②if+主语+should+do

③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do

If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.

如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：不可能来）

If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.

如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：不可能来）

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would go skating.

如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。（事实：不可能下雪）

注意事项：

① 错综时间句：即虚拟条件状语从句与虚拟主句中谓语动作的时间不一致。

If he knew her,he would have greeted her that day.

如果他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。

If they had informed us,we would not come here now.

如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。

If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.

如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了。

② 虚拟条件句中的省略：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had 时，if 可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。

Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.

要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。

Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.

如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。

Were she here,she would agree with us.

如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。

③ 用其它形式表达虚拟条件：虚拟条件状语从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或用其它方式表示出来。如without…，but for…（要不是...）等。

But for his help,we would be working now.

要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

We didn't know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him.

我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。

Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.

要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。

④ 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was。

If I were you,I would go to look for him.

如果我是你，就会去找他。

⑤ 在虚拟条件句中，should/would/might/could四个词只能用should；在虚拟主句中，主语只有是第一人称时，才能用should。

If he had got there earlier, he would have met her.

如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。

If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.

如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。

四、其它从句中的虚拟语气

1.虚拟语气用在状语从句中

① 由as if 或 as though 所引导的方式状浯从句，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：

② 由 even if 或 even though 所引导的让步状语从句，若从句与事实相反，则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：

2.虚拟语气用在定语从句中

在it is (high) time that…句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should+动词原形，表示该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。

It is time that we went home.=It is time that we should go home.

我们该回家了。

It is time we left. =It is time we should leave.

我们该走了。

It is time we summed up our results.= It is time we should sum up our results.

我们该总结我们的成绩了。

一、英语四级重点语法知识：虚拟语气

英语四级重点语法知识：虚拟语气

虚拟语气的考点为：

would rather+that从句+一般过去时;

It is vital/ necessary/ important/ urgent/ imperative/ desirable/ advisable/ natural/ essential+that+(should)动词原形;

proposal/suggestion+that+动词原形;

It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时;

lest+that+should+动词原形;

if only+that+would+动词原形。

在虚拟语气中，除了记住一套与时态相对应的规范用法之外，以下几点也是不容忽视的：

l、名词性从句中要用过去时或should+动词原型构成虚拟语气。如：Itistimewewenthome.

2、wouldrather,hadrather后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如：Iwouldratheryouwentwithher.我宁愿你跟她走。只有当wouldrather后面动作的主体与前面主语一致时才可以用不带to的动词不定式，如：I’drathertaketheimportantletterwithme.在这个句子中，rather后面的主语为I，和前面的主语一致，所以用的不是过去式，而是不带to的动词不定式。

3、在itisimportant/suggested/necessary/proposed等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情，即用动词原形或should+动词原型，如：Itisimportantthatyou(should)behereontime.再如：

Itisoftheutmostimportancethatyou_______hereontime.

A.be B.shallbeC.aretobe D.mustbe

这个知识点是上文中的第三点，显然答案是A，其中的should被省略了。类似的可以引起主语从句为虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词还有appropriate,advisable,better,imperative,insistent,natural,preferable,strange,urgent,vital,desirable,demanded,recommended,required等。

4、词组butfor相当于wereitnotfor或haditnotbeenfor,表示一种含否定意义的条件，后面一般加名词或名词短语，如：Hemighthavebeenkilledbutforthearrivalofthepolice.要不是警察来了他本可能被杀死。

5、在某些表示祝愿的句子里需要用虚拟语气，如：May you be happy all your life!

以上就是关于英语四级语法知识的分享，希望对想要考四级的小伙伴们有做帮助，想要了解更多相关内容，欢迎及时关注本平台!

二、新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解

新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解

　　虚拟语气用来表示假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。那么下面是我为大家分享整理的新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解，欢迎大家阅读浏览。

　　虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：

　　1、虚拟条件句。

　　2、名词性虚拟语气。

　　3、虚拟语气的其他用语。

　　一、虚拟条件句：

　　条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。

　　1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：

　　If 主语+过去时，主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形，如：

　　If I were you, I would study hard.

　　If it rained, I would not be here now.

　　2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：

　　If 主语+had+过去分词，主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词，如：

　　If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.

　　3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：

　　If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)+do，主语+should(could...)+原形do，如：

　　If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.

　　If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.

　　注意问题：

　　1、If条件句中绝对不可出现"would"。

　　2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。

　　3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：

　　Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.

　　Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

　　Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

　　二、名词性虚拟语气：

　　在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语+(should)+动词原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o'clock.(宾语从句)

　　We suggested that the meeting should not be held.

　　It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.(主语从句)

　　The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)

　　That is their demand that their wages be increased.(表语从句)

　　注意：在这种句子中绝不出现"would""must""could"等。

　　三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的`使用或含蓄条件句：

　　1、wish后的宾语从句：

　　与现在愿望不一致——主语+过去时：I wish I were you.

　　与过去愿望不一致——主语+had+过去分词：I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.

　　与未来愿望不一致——主语+would(could)+原形：I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.

　　2、It's time句型：

　　当It's time后用that从句时应该为“主语+should+原形”或“主语+过去时”，例如：

　　It's time that you went to school. 或It's time that you should go to school.

　　3、If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish+宾语从句”：

　　If only he could come! 他要能来就好了。

　　If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。

　　4、would rather, as if(though)引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：

　　I'd rather you posted the letter right away.

　　I'd rather you had returned the book yesterday.

　　She loves the children as if they were hers.

　　Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.

　　5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件：

　　Without you, I would never know him.

　　But for your cooperation, we wouldn't have done the work so well. = If it were not for your cooperation, we wouldn't have done the work so well.

　　(注：without / but for... = If it was not for.../ If it hadn't been for...)

　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no.

　　I would be most glad to help you, but I' am busy now.

　　I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!

　　专项训练

　　1、It is important that a college student ______ a foreign language.

　　A.will master B.master C.masters D.would master

　　2、It is strange that she ______ without saying a word.

　　A.should have gone out B.went C.should go out D.goes out

　　3、If my lawyer ______ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.

　　A.had been, would have prevented B.had been, would prevent C.were, would prevent D.were, would have prevent

　　4、 ——“He is a brave man.”

　　——“Yes, I wish I ______ his courage.”

　　A.have B.had C.will have D.may have

　　5、If it ______ rain, the crops would be saved.

　　A.should B.will C.is going to D.was to

　　6、He ordered that the medicine ______ by a special plane.

　　A.was sent B.would be sent C.should send D.be sent

　　7、If you ______ the medicine, you ______ better now.

　　A.took, would feel B.had taken, felt C.had taken, would feel D.took, would have felt

　　8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if ______ my mother.

　　A.is B.was C.were D.had been

　　9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I ______ so.

　　A.didn’t do B.hadn’t done C.haven’t done D.couldn’t do

　　10、I’d rather he ______ tomorrow afternoon.

　　A.will come B.comes C.coming D.came

　　参考答案：

　　1、B 2、A 3、A 4、B 5、A 6、D 7、C 8、C 9、B 10、D

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三、英语虚拟语气语法总结是什么？

虚拟语气是什么
　　
　　
在英语中，虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。如：
　　
　　
If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.
　　
　　
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
　　
　　
虚拟语气英语语法
　　
　　
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。
　　
　　
1、主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
　　
　　
2、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
　　
　　
3、宾语从句的动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
以上就是英语虚拟语气的语法知识点。在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也可以用虚拟语气。