初中英语三大从句基础练习题+中考真题演练

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初中英语三大从句基础练习题+中考真题演练

初中英语宾语从句练习附讲解

初中定语从句的练习题

初中英语定语从句练习-附答案

一、初中英语三大从句基础练习题+中考真题演练

定语从句：

（一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom,

练习1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working.

3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring.4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.

5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.

6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen.

7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading.

8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting.

（二）特例：只用that的情况

1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，

2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that.

3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。

4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying?

练习1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup.

2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost

4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used.

6. He was the first person _______passed the exam.

7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.

（三）whose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there.

2. I like the rooms ______windows face south.3. This is the desk ______legs were broken.

4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best .

6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old.

（四）从句谓语单复数由先行词确定，时态由从句时间状语决定，不必跟主句保持一致。

1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework.

2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting.

3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy.

4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class.

5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)

6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)

9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China.

10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best.

(五)“介词＋关系代词”注意： 介词的选用要考虑：

A.与先行词的搭配关系

1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army.

2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here.

3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.

B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯

1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars?

2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars?

3) Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot?

4) Have you found the book _______she often talks?

关系副词的用法

练习：1. It must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.

2.This is the village _________________we visited last week.

3.The house _______ we live in is very big./ The house _______ we live is very big

4. The woman ___________ talked to you just now is a doctor. The woman ______ you talked to is my sister.

The woman to ___________ you talked is my sister. 5. This is the hospital ____________ I was born in.

This is the hospital in _________I was born. This is the hospital____________ I was born.

综合练习一. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

2. This is the present ____he gave me for my birthday.3.The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.

4. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.

5. There is nothing in the world ______can frighten him.6. We visited a factory _______makes toys for children.

7. Is this the place _______ your father once lived 8. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.

9The car______my father bought last month is beautiful.10The man______hair is white is his grandfather.

二 ( )1.Rosa likes music ___ is quiet and gentle. A. when B. that C. where D. who

( )2.--Is the girl _ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend--Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.

A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

( )3 Yao Ming is a famous basketball star ___ is playing in the NBA. A. whose B. who C. what D. which

( )4. The doctor ___I am waiting for is Mr. Smith. A. which B. whom C. whose D. why

( )5. --- Do you know Hong Zhanhui? ---Yes. He’s the college student ____ has moved Chinese people a lot.

A. who B. which C. what D. whom

( )6. In my family, my sister is the only person __ loves chocolate. A. which B. who C. whom D. she

( )7. This is the place ____ the old man lived last year. A. when B. where C. that D.which

( ) 8. The song ___ Jay Zhou sings are popular with students. A. why B. whom C. what D. which

( )9. The farmer was very thankful to the doctor ___ treated his son. A. what B. which C. who D. whose

( )10.I like to live in a house__ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why

( )11. The young lady ___ we met yesterday is our new math teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which

( )12. --Can you introduce the town to me? --OK. This is the town in __ I was born. A. that B. who C. which

( )13. Miss green is the only person __ can help you with your English. A. she B. whom C. which D. who

( )14. I like the second football match ___was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /

( )15. Is there anything ____ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs

( )16. I hate people ___ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they

( )17. This is the only book ___I am looking for. A. that B. which C. who D. whom

( )18 Her sister__ you met at my home was a teacher of English. A. whom B. that is C. which D. who is

( )19 The book__is sold out at the moment. A.you need Bwhat you need C.which you need it D that you need it

( )20 I'm one of the boys ______never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is

( )21.__cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. Those who C. However D. The one who

( )22. The old man __yesterday is a scientist.A.I spoke B. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him

中考定语从句真题演练

1.--- Is the girl __ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? --Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

2. Do you still remember the movie _____ we saw last weekend? A. who B. what C. that D. whom

3. ---Who is your new English teacher? ---Elena, the woman ____ is wearing a red T-shirt over there.

A. 不填 B. whom C. whose D. who

4. Is that the man _____ helped us a lot after the earthquake? A. whose B. which C. when D. who

5. ---What are you looking for? --- I’m looking for the pen ___ I bought yesterday. A. who B. which C. whose

6. This is the novel_____ written by Guo Jingming. A. who B. what C. that D. /

7. We should be ready to help the people ____ are in trouble. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who

8. Two years has passed, but Chinese people still remember those exciting days ____ they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. A. that B. who C. when

9. The magician _____ played magic tricks in 2008 CCTV Spring Festival Gala is Liu Qian. He is popular in China now. A. whose B. who C. which

10. July likes music very much. She likes music ____ she can dance to. A. what B. who C. that

11. At school, you should do the things _____ are allowed by the teachers. A. that B. when C. what

12. Thought is the key _____ opens the doors of the world. A. why B. where C. which D. who

13. The gentlemen ___ are coming to my office tomorrow are my classmates many years ago.

A. whom B. who C. those D. which

14. That’s the man _____ house was destroyed in the storm. A. that B. whose C. who D. which

15. The girl ____ I just talked with is Ben’s sister. A. whom B. which C. she

16. I love people ____ are friendly to others. A. which B. whose C. what D. who

17. It’s time to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people _____ have helped me.

A. who B. what C. which D. where

18. I like the teacher ____ classes are very interesting and creative. A. which B. who C. what D. whose

19. Do you know the boy ____ is sitting next to Peter? ---Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his ____ birthday. A. who, ninth B. that, nineth C. /, nineth D. which, ninth

20.ShaolinTemple__lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors from abroad.A.where B.which C.who

二宾语从句

1宾语从句的学习要注意三个方面

第一：语序：在宾语从句中，一律用___________。

如Where does she live? ( Do you know?) ----Do you know where she lives?

***几个特殊的特殊疑问句

Which is the way to the nearest shop?/ What’s wrong with you?/ What’s up?/ What’s the matter?

这几个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序,在宾语从句中不需调整语序。

第二：时态; 1）如果主句是___________，宾语从句时态根据实际情况而定.

如：1. It’s going to rain. I think. ---I think it’s going to rain.

2. “I will go with you .” he says. ---He says he will go with me.

3. He studied English ten years ago. I know. I know he studied English ten years ago.

2）主句是___________，宾语从句要用___________。

如：It’s going to rain. I thought. ---I thought it was going to rain.

“I will go with you.” he said. ---He said he would go with me.

3). 若从句表达的是___________，规律，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用___________。

如1 The earth turns round the sun. The teacher told us---The teacher told us that the earth turns round the sun.

2 Light travels much faster than sound. She said … ---She said that light travels much faster than sound.

第三：连接词1)如果被连接的句子是___________，那么连接词用___________, (也可省)

如1. He’ll be back in a month. ( I hear…) I hear ( that ) he will be back in a month.

2. I have been to the Great Wall once. ( He tells me…) He tells me ( that ) he has been to the Great Wall once.

2.)如果被连接的句子是___________,则用连接词___________

如：*Does he live in that house? ( She asked me …) She asked me if/ whether he lived in that house.

*Have you finished your homework? ( I want to know…) I want to know if you have finished your homework.

3) ___________句，用原句中的特殊疑问词引导：what, who, where, when, which, why, how (many/ much/ often/ long/ old).如： Who are you waiting for? Can you tell me? --- Can you tell me who you are waiting for?

What did he do yesterday? I don’t know. ---I don’t know what he did yesterday.

***其中 以wh- 疑问词或how 引导的宾语从句与动词不定式可相互转换

如I don’t know what I can do.可以说成 I don’t know what to do.

The policeman showed me where I could get books. 可以说成The policeman showed me where to get books.

Can you tell me how I can make a kite?可以说成 Can you tell me how to make a kite?

4).宾语从句___________。在_________________________________等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：I don’t think he has time to play with the girl.

二．综合练习

1．I want to know __

A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after

2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．

A．when does he come B．how will he come C．if he comes D．whether he'll come

3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？A．what B．how C．whether D．where

4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？

A．how did he mend B．what did he mend C．how he mended D．what he mended

5．I don't know if he____ tomorrow. If he _____，I'll tell you．

A．comes, comes B．will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come

6．Do you know where _________ now？A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live

7．Do you know what time ___？A．the train leave B．does the train leave C．will the train leave Dthe train leaves

8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？ A．how the two players are old

B．how old are the two players C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are

9．The small children don't know _________ ． A．what is their stockings in

B．what is in their stockings C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings

10．I can't understand _________ ． A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean

C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means

11 . When the job______, let me know. A .do B .done C .is done D .finished

12 .She asked me if I knew__ .A .whose pen is it B .whose pen it was C whose pen it is D .whose pen was it 13 .Miss Li wants to know _____________next week . A .when my uncle leaves

B .when will my uncle leave C .where my uncle will stay D .where does my uncle stay

14 .Could you tell me ________________with the money ? A .how to do B .what should I do C .how I should do D .what I should do

中考宾语从句真题演练

( )1. Everyone can play an important role in the society．As members，we should try our best to do__.

A. what we should do B. what should we do C. how we should do

( )2. --I really hope to keep in touch with Lily. --Sorry. I don't know __.

A. what her name is B. what her job is C. what her number is D. when she left

( )3 —Can you tell me ______? —By doing more speaking. A how I will improve my English

B. which way can I choose C. how do I deal with my English D. what’s wrong with my English

( )4. How lovely the dog is ! Can you tell me _____?

A. where did you get it B. where will you get it C. where you got it

( )5.. --Excuse me, could you tell me ____ the book about aliens? --Sure, take the escalator to the second floor.

A. where I can buy B. where can I buy C. when can I buy D. when I can buy

( )6-“Do you know_ have our summer holiday?”-“Next week.”A.when will we B.when are weC. when we will

( )7 ---Do you know ____ the MP4 yesterday? -- Sorry, I’ve no idea about it.

A. how much did he pay for B. how much he paid for C. he paid for how much D. he paid how much for

(　)8--What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -- Sorry. I don’t know ___.

A. when did he go abroad B.why he is going abroad C.how soon will he be back Dhow long he will stay abroad

（　）9. You can’t image ___ when the pupils received these nice presents on Children’s Day.

A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

（ ）10. –Can you tell me ______?–She is in the computer lab.

A. where Linda was B. where is Linda C. where was Linda D. where Linda

( )11. –Do you know _______ the Capital Museum? –Next Friday.

A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited

( )12. He wanted to know____the English party.

A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have

( )13. I want to know_______.

A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport

C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at

( )14. –David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me_______? –He is a doctor.

A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is

( )15. –Do you know___the girl in red is? –I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what

( )16. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?

A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it is

( )17. I really want to know ____ . A. what is wrong with my brother

B. how will he go to Beijing tomorrow C. if had he bought that car D. where did he go yesterday

( )18. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ?

A.where is the bank nearestB. where is the nearest bankC.where the nearest bank isD. the nearest bank is where

( )19.Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but couldn’t find ____.

A. What Lily was. B. What was Lily C. Where Lily was D. Where was Lily

( )20--Could you tell me___? He is wanted by the head teacher.--Sorry, I’ve no idea.But he _ here just now．

A. where Tim was, was B. where is Tim，was C. where Tim is，was D．where Tim is，is

三、状语从句：

一）.条件状语从句：引导词为:if, unless。

形式：

主句_______________, 从句______________.

练习：1.I am waiting for my friend.____________, I’ll do shopping alone.

A.If she comes B.If she will come C.If she doesn’t come D.If she didn’t come

2.I am sure I can make it better, if our teacher _________me a second chance.A.give B.gave C.gives D.will give

3.The art club is for members only. You can’t go in___you are a member. A.unless B.Because C.if D.though

4.I ________the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow. A.will return B.returned C.have returned D.return

5. 1）You won’t pass the final exam ___________(除非)you work hard.

2) The children __________ climb the mountain if it __________________(不下雨)

3) _______________________if he comes. (给我打电话）

二）时间状语从句：(常见从属连词有when,before, after, until, as soon as, while…)

1）As soon as he _____in Paris, he will call you. A.arrive B.arrived C.arrives

2）Don’t leave until the rain_______.A.stopped B.stops C.stopping D.stop

3）You can go skating after you ____A.finish the job B.finished the job C.finishing the job

4) I’ll tell her the good news when he _____ back. A.came B.comes C.come

5）Father was watching TV ________ Mum was washing dishes. A.before B. while C.after D.until

6）I was watching TV ____ you called me last night. A.when B.while C.until D.after

7) I ______ here since I came to China. A.lived B.have lived C.am living D. had living

8).My grandma didn’t go to sleep______ I got back home. A.till B.until C.since D.when

三）原因状语从句： (常用连词有because, since, as)

1. Tom is ill at home, _____he can’t come here. A.so B.if C.because D.and

2.—Why did you come to school late this morning?--___I watched the Football World Cup until 12:00 last night. A.If B.Because C.Since D.Though

3.I hope to go to France some day__there are many museums there.A.though B. unless C. because D. where

四）结果状语从句：由so… that…/such…that/so that引导的从句（so后接形、副原级）

1）与too…to…句型的转换：

He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him. =______________________________________________

The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it= ___________________________________________________

2）“so… that +从句”与“enough to”的替换

He’s so strong that he can carry the box.=___________________________________________________

He is not old enough to go to school.=________________________________________________________

3)so that…/ so…that…/such…that ____________________________________________________________

如：He got up early in the morning so that he could catch the early bus.

The boy is so strong that he can lift up the heavy stone. He is such a clever boy that all of us like him.

练习：1.--He was _______tired ______he fell asleep as soon as he lay down. -- Oh, we can go out and let him have a good rest..A.too;to B.so; that C.enough; to D.such; that

2.There were _______many people ____I couldn’t find where she is. A.so;that B.so;as C.such;that D.as;that

3. He ran as fast as possible__he could reach school on time. A.in order to B so as to C such that D so that

4. They are ___interesting books __ I want to read them once more.A.so that B.such…that C.too…to D.so…that

综合练习

1.You may leave the classroom when you__writing.A.will finish Bare finishing C have finished Dhad finished

2. Would you give Johnny this letter if you ________ to see him this week.

A. will happen B. happen C. are happened D. happened

3. She was busy, ____she couldn’t go to your birthday party last night. A. and B. so C. or D. but

4. English is ________ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of the world.

　A. so…that B. such…that C. so…because D. such…because

5. Don’t cross the street __ the traffic lights are green. A. after B. until C. while D. since

6. Your dream won’t come true__ you know what your dream is. A. after B. unless C. while D. since

7. --Could you ask him if he __to my birthday party next Sunday? –I will, if I __ him this afternoon.

A. comes, meet B. will come, will meet C. comes, will meet D. will come, meet

8. Sarah is ______ a hard-working girl ______ she often works late into night.

A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. not only; but also

状语从句真题练习

1.—Where was your brother at this time last night?—He was writing an e-mail ___I was watching TV at home.

A.as soon as B.after C.until D.while

2.The film “Kung Fu Panda” is___interesting__I would like to see it again. A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so that

3.Tom will call me as soon as he ___home. A.gets B.has got C.got D.will get

4. We will have no water to drink___we don’t protect the earth. A.until B.before C.though D.if

5.We won’t start the meeting ___our teacher arrives. A.though B.until C.while D.or

6.Bob promises to join in the football match____he has to help his parents on the farm..

A. if B.as C. unless D. when

7.___it’s difficult to make her dream come ture, she never gives up. A.Though B.Unless C.Because D.If

8.---Could you tell me when Mr. Li___in Huanggang?---Sure. When he ___, I’ll call you.

A.arrives; will arrive B.will arrive; arrives C.arrives; arrives D.will arrive; will arrive

9.In summer, food goes bad easily__it is put in the refrigerator. A.until B.if C.unless

10.A moment, please. I’m checking if Mr. Smith__free tomorrow. A.is B.being C.to be D.will be

11.I didn’t go to bed __my mother came back late last night.A.so; B.until C.though

12.Hurry up,___you will miss the early train. A. or B.and C.if D.unless

13.---Tommy, do you know if Frank___to the theatre with us this Sunday if it ___?---Sorry, I have no idea.

A.will go, is fine; B.goes, is fine C.will go, is going to be fine D.goes; will be fine

14.What a beautiful painting it is! I’ve never seen ___painting. A.such a B.a C.such D.this better

15.I don’t know __he will come tomorrow.___he comes, I’ll tell you.

A.if, Whether B.whether, Whether C.if, That D.if, If

复合句综合检测

( )1.Is this museum_ they visited last month? A. that B. where C. which D. the one

( )2. Is that book ____ he borrowed on Friday? A. that B. which C. who D. the one

( )3 The second book__I want to read is Business at the Speed of Thought. A. which B. what C. that D. as

( )4 –Do you know the man __is running along the street? A who B which C whom

( )5. Without friendship, one can’t be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days ___I spent with my dearest friend. A that B when C who

( )6 This is the best TV play __we have seen this year. A when B what C who D that

( )7--Have you found the information about famous people ____you can use for report?

--Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A which B who C what D whom

( )8--Have you been to the Sports Center___ is just opened in town? - -No, no yet.

A where B who C that D when

( )9 --Bob, where do you work?--I work for a company ___sells cars. A which B where C what

( )10____ have finished the work can leave. A. Those who B. Anyone C. The one who

( )11. The building that ___new is our school. A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )12. The pandas that we saved ____better now. A. are B. were C. is D. was

( )13 This is the only thing _________ I have lost.A.which B.that C.where

( )14.--Could you tell me____?--Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting. A. what does he say at the meeting. B what did he say at the meeting. C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting

( )15. No one can be sure____ in a million years.

A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what man will look like

( )16. -- Could you tell me ____?-- She is a student in Eton School.

A. where Kate is studying B. how Kate studies C .why Kate was studying D. when Kate studied

( )17.-- Could you tell me___ yesterday?-- About two hours. A. How long it takes to fly to Guilin B. How long it took to fly to Guilin C.How long does it take to fly to Guiln D. How long did it take to fly to Guilin

( )18. Please tell me____.A. what is wrong with the boy B. what is the boy wrong C. what wrong the boy is

( )19. She will hate him when she _more about him .A.knowsB .know C.will know Dis going to know

( )20. --Excuse me. Do you know_____?--Sorry, I don’t know. A. where is No. 1 Middle School

B. where No. 1 Middle School is C. No. 1 Middle School is where D. No. 1 Middle School where is

( )21. At the science museum，the boys and girls get to know__________. A. what is the spaceship like

B. what the spaceship looks like C. how the spaceship looks 1ike D. how does the spaceship1ook like

( )22. He didn’t tell me ____.

A. which floor did he live on B. which floor he lived on C. which floor he lived D. he lived on which floor

( )23. I’m new here. Could you tell me__, please?A. when does the first bus arrive B. when the first bus arrives

C. when did the first bus arrive D.when will the first bus arrive

( )24. I wonder how long_______school?

A. has he been away from B. he has been away C. he has left D. he has been away from

( )25. ---We can use MSN to talk with each other on the Internet. ---Really? Will you please show ____it? ‘

A. what to use B. how to use C. how can I use D. where can I use

( )26. The teacher asked the students . A. if they were interested in chatting online

B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how often they go to movies

( )27---Could you tell me how long __the book?--Three days.

A.I can keep B.can I borrow C.I can borrow D. can I keep

( )28.I can’t understand ___the boy alone at home.

A.why she left B.did she leave C.why had she left D.why she leave

( )29. You will not succeeded if you ______ harder. A. will work B. won’t work C. work D. don’t work

( )30.Write clearly __your teacher can understand you correctly. A.since B.for C.because Dso that

( )31.______he failed , he went on doing the experiment .A. Even B. Yet C. Although D. in spite of

( )32.The dog went out while we __ supper. A. had B. had had C. were having D. would have

( )33.His brother has worked there ________ he left schoo A.when B. after C. since D. until

( )34.The boy didn’t stop talking ____the second bell rang. A.when B. until C. after D. because

( )35. __I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting.A.While B. When C. Once D. Since

( )36.I was about to leave my house __ the telephone rang. A.while B. as C. when D. since

一、初中英语宾语从句练习附讲解

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1．语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？
2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？
4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2．连接词
1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：
I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：
Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。
②在介词之后用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。
b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？
3．时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：
I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。
4．注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。
—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。
简化宾语从句常用六法
同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题
习题(一)
1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
答案:1-5 A D C B C
习题(二)
1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty
A. who B. what C. when D. that
2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
4 She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
7. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
答案:1-7 C B B A A A C
习题(三)
1. They don't know their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
2. Please tell me ______what last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked
3. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
4. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
5 Did you know ____
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
6 Could you tell me ___
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
答案:1-6 B D B A A C
习题(四)
1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)
A. that B. how C. whatD. if
2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)
A. why B. when C. how D. where
3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.
—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)
A. what B. who C. which D. where
4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.
—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer
—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)
A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市)
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what wrong was
8. —Where is Jack
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)
A. that B. which C. where D. there
答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

二、初中定语从句的练习题

pear bear chair air fair care there where
20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower 1 元音:
[i：] [i] [A] [e] [[：] [[] [a：] [Q] [R：] [R] [U：] [U]

[ei] [ai] [aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE]
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie
three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling
2) [i] 发音字母 i y e
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss
myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious
3) [] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man
4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a
head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any
5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world
6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u
teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday
7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm
8) [] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood
9) []字母组合 al or au our ar aw
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter draw saw flaw
10) [] 发音字母 o a
hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full
12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o
look good foot book should could put full bull pull push woman wolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye
15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town
16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal
17) [] 字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy oil soil voice choice
18) [iε] 字母组合 eer
beer deer ear idea near here fierce
19) [] 字母组合ear air

17) [T] that this those these though
18) [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash
nation attention station social special sure
19) [V] pleasure
20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who
21) [w] when what where window wind wood
22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母2 容易混淆的元音
[A] [e]
bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said
[i：] [ei]
real rail greet great mean main read raid
[e] [ai]
bet bite red write said side head hide
[aU] [R：]
house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn
[aU] [Q]
found fond down done gown gone town ton
3辅音
1) pen pear play pig pour pull push
2) [b] book big boot bike bread break
3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city
4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)
card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)
fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)
school schedule schema (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language
7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb
8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junk
sing king morning evening
10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold could goal soul
11) [r] read red right run room write

2 容易混淆的元音
[A] [e]
bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said
[i：] [ei]
real rail greet great mean main read raid
[e] [ai]
bet bite red write said side head hide
[aU] [R：]
house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn
[aU] [Q]
found fond down done gown gone town ton
3辅音
1) pen pear play pig pour pull push
2) [b] book big boot bike bread break
3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city
4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)
card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)
fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)
school schedule schema (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language
7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb
8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junk
sing king morning evening
10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold could goal soul
11) [r] read red right run room write
12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife
cough laugh rough physic photo phone
13) [v] very evening even every voice vest of
14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)
license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)
licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)
15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap
close nose hose suppose pause those whose
16) [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth
组合ch）
catch watch match （字母组合tch)
24) [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy join July June junk
25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk
26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink
27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts
28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v] [w]
vest west vet wet vine wine very well
[s] [W]
sink think mass math miss myth sort sought
[z] [T]
close cloth breeze breathe
[n] [N]
thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing
5 字母，组合音节发音规律
1）a [ei] [æ] [[] [a:] [R]
late private grade bake grape nation station page
active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
accept about above formative machine cinema
fast last glass class past father
wash what watch want
2）e [i:] [e] [i] [[] 不发音
appreciate extremely secret she me he
letter left message generate pebble
decide pretty previous result restore
problem prosperous student confident
active table late wife store lecture
3）i [ai] [i]
high price library ice cream wife size line
fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit
4）o [[J] [J:] [Q] [[] [R]
lode host cold note okay old home
lose do who whose prove
love some other mother honey company
today tomorrow together control collect
lost hot mock office soft honest
5）u [ju] [u] [Q] [[]
university refuse unique universe huge
put push pull full bull
but brush bucket duck bubble
support suggest
6）c [k] [s]
country camp camera courage cable
city ceiling celebrate cell cease
7）g [g] [dV] [N]
girl grade glass glade bag flag
village vegetable bridge gentleman gym
long song sing morning evening
8) l [l] 读音不同
listen learn language collect English gorilla
world cold soil tall sell cool animal
9) n [n] [N]
moon night noodle number
uncle hungry angry young
10) r [r] [[](美语发音)
right read write grade progress
card board door floor form north
11）y [j] [i] [ai]
yellow year yell young yolk
university country pretty happy
dyke dying fly buy by my
12）ar [a:] [[] [R:]
farm card garden mark
dollar
warm quarrel quarter
13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [i[]
cease season breathe feature meat please
bread breast breath meadow weather
great break
idea realize
14) ear [[:] [i[]
learn earth earn heard
hear near clear ear fear
15) er [[:] [[] [i[]
deserve serve her person
teacher driver anger singer
serious experience mysterious fierce
16） ere [i[] [Z[]
here mere fere sere
there
17) ir [[:] [ai]
shirt girl skirt
admire desire
18) oo [u:] [u] [Q] [R:]
room tool cool moon noon goof food
good foot stood wood wool cook wood book
blood flood
door floor
19) or [ R:] [[:] [[]
short form corn born for
work world worm word worst
tractor doctor actor sector senior senator
20) oor [ R:] [J[]
door floor
moor poor boor
21) our [J[] [R:]
hour tour flour bourn lour
pour court four mourn
22) ou [au] [Q] [[]
house mouth mouse sound found
enough trouble touch
delicious gracious prosperous
23) ow [[J] [au]
window meadow know show low
now town how down cow
24) se [z] [s]
nose suppose gose lose pose rose
mouse house
25) th [W] [T]
thank think thought cloth
clothes that this then than
26) sion [F[n] [V[n]
propulsion tension progression passion
protrusion provision conclusion television
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三、初中英语定语从句练习-附答案

定 语 从 句
�
（一） 知识概要 �
定语从句并不属于中考范围，但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到，这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生，想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平，但总是碰到一些问题，百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平，无法提高，但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的，所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难，也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路，特用这一节讲述定语从句，不是从语法上讲述，而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。�对于形容词我们已十分熟悉了，如： a good book， 形容词 good 用来修饰书 book。 我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词，这种句子叫做形容词性从句，它起修饰名词的作用，又被叫做定语从句(The attributive clause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前，而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词，如： Do you know the scientist who gave us the talk this afternoon? 这句中的主句是 Do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科学家吗?)而 who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是：你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗?这里 scientist 叫作先行词，而 who 叫作定语从句的引导词。 who 在定语从句中起主语的作用， who 的数与它的先行词相同。又如： You must do everything that I do� 这里先行词是 everything， 而 that I do 是定语从句，此句应译为：你必须作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定语从句的引导词，在句中作 do 的宾语。�引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词： that， which， who， whom， whose 和关系副词 when， where， why， how。不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语，而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。① that 的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如： A plane is a machine that can fly� 这里先行词是 machine 而 that 是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。这句译为：飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如： I like the book (that) you lent me yesterday� 这里先行词是 book， 关系代词用 that， 它在定语从句中作 lend (借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，即： I like the book you lent me yesterday�② which 关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如： The book shop is a shop which sells books� 这里 shop 是先行词， which 在从句中作主语。又如： The book (which) I read last night was wonderful� 这里主句是 The book was wonderful� 而定语从句是修饰主句的主语 book， 即我昨晚读的那本书，which 在定语从句中作 read 的宾语，可以省略。�③ who， whom， whose� who 在定语从句中作主语， whom 是 who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语，如：The man who visited our school yesterday is an American friend� 昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。 Who 在定语从句中作主语。又如： Who's that woman (whom) you just talked to ? 你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而 whom 作定语从句中介词 to 的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的 whom 也常常可用 who代替。�This is our classmate， Mary， whose home is not far from our school� 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。�为了便于理解，我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。�
1． I saw the man.� He closed the door��
I saw the man who (that) closed the door�
2． The girl is happy� She won the race��
The girl who won the race is happy�
3． The students are from China� They sit in the front row��
The students who sit in the front row are from China�
(要注意的是先行词是 students 则 who 的数也应看作复数。)�
4． We are studying sentences� They contain adjective dause��
We are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause� �
5． The taxi driver was friendly� He took me to the airport��
The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly� �
6． The book was good� I read it��
The book that I read was good��
The book I read was good� �
7． The people were very nice� We visited them yesterday��
The people we visited yesterday were very nice�
8． The man called the police� His wallet was stolen��
The man whose wallet was stolen called the police�
9． I come from a country� Its history goes back thousands of years��
I come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years�
10． I have to call the man� I picked up his umbrella after the meeting��
I have to call the man whose umbrella I picked up after the meeting�
关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years� 或可以写作：
That was the room which we had lived in for ten years��
He was the man whom(who) you were looking for� 要注意的是此句的关系代词 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短语动词也不可将 for 放于定语从句之前。that 作关系代词作介词宾语时，不能紧跟介词，而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如： The man that we were talking about has come to our school� 这时不可用 about that … 请看下面例句：�
1． The meeting was interesting� I went to it��
The meeting that I went to was interesting� �
2． The man was very kind� I talked to him yesterday��
The man who I talked to yesterday was very kind�
3． I must thank the people� I got a present from him��
I must thank the people who I got a present from�
4． The picture was beautiful� She was looking at it��
The picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful�
5． The man is standing over there� I told you about him��
The man who I told you about is standing over there�
�
除关系代词外，还有关系副词， when， where， why， 其中 when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如： I never forget the day when I first came to the Great Wall� 而 where 则指地点，如： This is the house where the old man lives� 请看下面例句：
1． The city was beautiful� We spent our vacation there��
The city where we spent our vacation was beautiful�
�
2． That is the restaurant� I will meet you there��
That is the restaurant where I will meet you�
�
3． The town is small� I grew up there��
The town where I grew up is small�
�
4． That is the drawer� I keep my newpapers there��
That is the drawer where I keep my newspapers�
�
5． Monday is the day� We will come then��
Monday is the day� When we will came�
�
6． 7∶05 is the time My plane arrives then��
7∶05 is the time when my plane arrives�
�
7． 1960 is the year� The revolution took place then��
1960 is the year when the revolution took place�
�
8． July is the month� The weather is usually the hottest then��
July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest� �
在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。�
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词，如：�I was the only person in my office who was invited��
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如： Abraham Lincoln， who led the United States through these years， was shot on April 14， 1865 at a theatre in washington� D． C． 又如：Galileo lived in the city of Pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high���
（二） 正误辨析 �
〔误〕 I won't tell you the name of the person who teach me English� �
〔正〕 I won't tell you the name of the person who teaches me English� �
〔析〕 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，从它本身看不出其数的形式，这时要由它的先行词决定。这里who 应由 the person 单数决定，应该用单数谓语动词。又如：I who am a student� want to find a spare time job�这里的 who 应与 I 是一致的，所以其谓语动词应该用am。�
〔误〕 We talked about the things and the people who we met during the Second World War� �
〔正〕 We talked about the things and the people that we met during the Second World War� �
〔析〕 这里的关系代词不要用 who， 因为其先行词有两个一个是 things (物)，而另一个是people (人)，这时既不可用 who， 又不可用 which， 因前者只能用于先行词是人的情况下，而后者则用于先行词是物的情况下，所以只能用 that， 因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。�
〔误〕 The book， that I bought yesterday， was very good�
〔正〕 The book， which I bought yesterday， was very good� �
〔析〕 先行词与定语从句被逗号分割开来时，即作为非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中 which， when， who， whom， where， when， whose 等都可以和限制性定语从句中的作用一样，而独有 that 不易用于非限制性定语从句。�
〔误〕 The dictionary which I lent it yesterday is a very useful tool� �
〔正〕 The dictionary which I lent yesterday is a very useful tool� �
〔析〕 关系代词在定语从句中是要起语法作用的，它不是作主语就是作宾语。虽然在作宾语时它的位置由原来的宾语位置移到了句首，但它的作用依然存在，而且在原宾语位置上不能再出现宾语。�
〔误〕 The teacher I want to learn English from is the one which comes from America
〔正〕 The teacher I want to learn English from is the one who comes from America
〔析〕 the one， anyone， those 作代词并且是指某人、物时，其关系代词不能用 which 应用 who。�
〔误〕 This is the room in that the old man lives� �
〔正〕 This is the room in which the old man lives� �
〔正〕 This is the room which the old man lives in� �
〔正〕 This is the room that the old man lives in� �
〔析〕 that 不能紧跟在介词后作介词宾语，但如果介词不前置仍放于句尾，则可用 that 作引导词，而且可以省略。如： This is the room the old man lives in��
〔误〕 I can do everything which is good for you� �
〔正〕 I can do everything that is good for you� �
〔析〕 在先行词是 all， much， little， something， everything， anything， nothing， none， the one 等不定代词时，虽然它们指的是物体，但不要用 which 而用 that 作定语从句的引导词。�
〔误〕 The only thing which the students can do is studying hard� �
〔正〕 The only thing that the students can do is studying hard� �
〔析〕 在先行词前有 only， any， few， little， no， all， one of 等词修饰时，虽然先行词指的是物，也不要用 which 作关系代词，而要用 that。�
〔误〕 This is the first American film which I've ever seen� �
〔正〕 This is the first American film that I've ever seen� �
〔析〕 在先行词是序数词，或由序数词修饰时，其关系代词不可用 which� 这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后，如： This is the best book that I have ever seen
〔误〕 He is from Africa, that we can see from the colour of the skin� �
〔正〕 He is from Africa, as we can see from the colour of the skin� �
〔析〕 当 as 或 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，它可能没有明确的先行词，它们所指代的是前面整个句子。如例题应译为他是从非洲来这个事情是可以从其肤色上看出的。