10道题搞定虚拟语气

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10道题搞定虚拟语气

虚拟语气几道题，讲解！

高考英语虚拟语气用法总结

关于虚拟语气的几道选择题

一、10道题搞定虚拟语气

一张图搞定虚拟语气语法的来龙去脉！

经典题只需10道完全掌握虚拟语气！好方法不刷题！

1、If I _______ in your position, I _____________ for teacher’s help.

A. am; ask B. were；ask C. was；asked D were, would ask

答：d

翻译：如果我在你的位置，我会寻求老师的帮助。

解析：一般现在时if引导be动词类型虚拟语气

2、I wish that I _______a bird.

A. am B. was C. were

答：c

解析：我希望我是一只鸟。

从句是一般现在时的公式：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋动词过去式

从句是一般现在时的公式：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋were

3、They advised that he ___ at once.

A. went B. should go C. will go D must go

答：B

翻译：我建议他应当立即出发

解析：表示命令、建议、愿望、要求等的词（不管是动词、名词、形容词）之后的从句用should+动词原词，而且should可以省略。这是虚拟语气里的一种特殊虚拟。基础差的同学们最好按照特殊句型背，即suggest（建议）后面一定用should do…或do…

4、 He required that the task _________today.

A. finished B. be finished C. would be finished D must finish

答：B

翻译：他要求这项工作，今天必须完成。

解析： require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句：谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略.

5、Mrs Johnson said angrily, “Don't order me about, as if I ______ your wife. I'm not.”

A．were B．am

C．would be D．had been

答案：A

解析：根据句意，这是一个与现在事实相反的比喻，准确地说，是一个与主句动词同时发生的一个动作，故用一般过去时的were。

翻译：Johnson生气的说：“没这么命令我，好像我是你妻子一样，我不是。”

6、He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.

A．must pay B．ought to pay C．paid D．pay

答案：D。

解析：insist在作“坚持要求别人做某事”时，需要用should型虚拟语气，should也可以省略。

翻译：他想办法找借口不还债，但是我坚持他必须立刻还。

7、Mr. Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.

A．should do B．should have done

C．had done D．did

答案：C。

解析：insist在作“坚持自己的观点、看法等”解时，不需要用虚拟语气，所以A、B两项用在此处不当。D项时态不准确，故也应排除。

翻译：Ford坚持认为他自己是对的，虽然其他人不这样认为。

8．His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.

A．should be told B．should have been told

C．was told D．had been told

答案：D。

解析：suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气，A、B两项都应排除，C项时态不当。

翻译：他苍白的脸表明他已经听到了这个悲伤消息。

9．He suggested that we ______ here at once.

A．should leave B．must leave C．left D．ought to leave

答案：A。

解析： suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气

翻译：他建议我们应当立刻离开。

10、The learned scholar recommended that he _____ until after he had learnt anatomy解剖.

A. will not take up statue B. had not taken up statue

C. not take up statue D. not took up statue

答案：c

解析：本题考查对虚拟语气的特殊词的用法的掌握。recommend后跟虚拟语气，省略should，后面直接跟动词原形，从四个选项中便知答案为c。

翻译：学识丰富的学者建议他学了解剖，再学雕塑

一、虚拟语气几道题，讲解！

1、C 2、A 3、B 4、B 5、C
1、“你感觉会怎样？”表示对将来虚拟，故用would。
2、虚拟语气中，would rather sb did 对现在的虚拟。注意与would rather do than do的区别。
3、go to sleep去睡觉；go bed也是睡觉的意思。虚拟语气：it is time that sb did sth.
4、B项是对现在完成时的虚拟
5、insist 在此处意思是“坚持要求”（图书管理员坚持要求john在没有还清所借的书之前不能再借书了），要用虚拟语气啊：should +动词原形，其中should可以省略。

二、高考英语虚拟语气用法总结

一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实

二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念

虚拟语气的用法

一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形

1.表示祝愿

a. Long live our country.

b. May you succeed.

c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.

b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.

c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.

e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式

a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形

a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首

a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).

b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)

d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars?

b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.

c. We could have done better with more money.

d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况

a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.

b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.

c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.

b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you.

d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.

b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

a. I wish the prices would come down.

b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful.

d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式

a. I suggested that we should go there at once.

b. I demand that he should answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.

d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.

与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.

d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.

八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同

a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday.

b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

c. I would rather that he painted the house blue

三、关于虚拟语气的几道选择题

求答案解释
1.The man insisted that he____there.
D be sent ==should be sent ------insist that +句子（谓语动词是should+一般式动词，should可以省略）

2. If it ___A___rain ,we ______ get wet.(我选了B,为什么错）
虚拟语气排除were going to 这个结构，用were to 替换就对了

3. I would have come earlier ,but I _____that you were waiting for me .(我选B 错了，求理由）
A didn' t know -------这是“当时”的实际情况，所以用一般过去式

4. He insisted that he __had seen___me before,------强调“说”----该什么时态就用什么时态。
5.He insisted that John __do ___ it ------这里强调一种“要求，意愿”。

6. It is high time we ___B____ off (这句话什么意思）------我们真正地应该离开了，（但是还没有离开）-----表示说话人不耐烦了。
B

7. I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I __c___so busy then
C was -----指的是“当时”的事实情况，不是虚拟语气

8. Tom would buy that bicycle but he ___has__ no money (为啥选B 不选A 呢）
would buy----指的是现在或者将来“买不起”，所以用has----说明他“现在”没有money