雅思作文思路-性别2

雅思写作论证思路：你的逻辑思维能力够强吗？
从长期的教学中发现，中国考生在写雅思作文时最难掌握以及最难提升的部分e5a48de588b6e799bee5baa6361无疑是论证思路部分。好的论证不仅是一篇作文字数的体现，更是逻辑思维的体现。那么一篇作文有哪些论证方法可以使用呢？并且每种论证该如何切入呢？朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师通过长期的总结与研究，将在本文中结合具体的引导词，常用句型，以及例子应用，对每种论证进行分析，让烤鸭们有更深刻全面的理解。
一、原因：
原因论证是写作中最常用的论证方法，可以通过写一个现象的原因来承接中心句，一般放在第一层逻辑衔接中使用比较多。
常用连接词：
…because/since/as…
…due to sth（不放句首）
常用句式：
1.This is largely/partly due to…,
…,which is largely/partly due to…这主要/部分是由于什么。
2.The main reason for it is …N/that +完整的句子
…, the main reason for which is…主要的原因是什么。
3.A contributing factor is…其中一个因素是…
4.The social/individual/technical/economic reason for this phenomenon/problem is…（一句话）。
这一现象/问题的社会/个人/技术/经济的原因是…
E.g. Students who take a gap year off tend to be more independent. The main reason for it is that they unavoidably encounter some difficulties and have to deal with them by themselves during their first–time work or travel.
参加间隔年的学生往往更独立。这主要是由于他们在初次的旅行或工作中不可避免地会遇到一些困难且不得不亲自去处理这些困难。
二、结果：
结果论证分为两种，第一种是指好的结果，第二种是指坏的结果，具体由中心句的内容决定。结果论证在第一层逻辑和第二层逻辑中都可以使用。
常用连接词：
Consequently,
As a consequence/result,
…therefore…因此
…,so that 一句话，以至于…
In this way/In so doing,这么一来，…
E.g. Each team member is assigned a specific task even in teamwork and in so doing,they can also cultivate their independence.
每一个团队成员都会接受一个具体的任务，这么一来，甚至在团队合作中也能培养他们的独立性。
常用句式：
…, which may result in an unpleasant/unexpected/desirable consequence that…（填完整的话）。
这可能会导致一个令人不悦/意料之外/理想的结果，就是…。
E.g.Some students are used to finishing learning tasks all alone,which may result in an unpleasant consequence that their interpersonal skills will deteriorate.
一些学生习惯于独自一人完成学习任务，这可能会导致一个不好的结果，他们的人际交流技能可能会变差。
三、举例：
雅思写作中的举例论证用得不像托福写作那么多，可以是personal experience, 但尽量举一些比较客观的例子，并且例子不要太长，一两句话概括即可，适当对例子进行评论。一般用于第二层逻辑衔接比较多。
常用连接词：
...like /such as（不放开头，后面加名词）
For example﹦For instance（放句首时，后加完整的句子）
E.g.Teamwork benefits students in many ways. For example,the potential of leadership may be possibly stimulated and developed through teamwork.
团队合作能在很多方面使学生们受益。举个例子，通过团队合作就能激发和培养领导力的潜能。
常用句式：
A good case in point is that…一个典型的例子是…。
E.g.International tourism can promote the development of the local economy.A good case in point is that Hainan,where the tourist attractions have been much explored and developed in recent years,has developed significantly in its economy.
国际旅游能促进当地的经济发展，一个典型的例子是近年来，景点被大力开发的海南在经济上也得到了大力发展。
四、比较：
对比论证分为两种，一种是具体情况的正反对比，拿两件事物进行正反比较。另一种是过去与现在的对比，常用于科技文比较多。第一层与第二层逻辑衔接均可以使用。
常用连接词：
A…, while/whereas B…
While/whereas A…,B…
A…By/In contrast,B…
常用句式：
…, which is in stark/sharp/striking contrast with the fact that…
…,这和以下事实形成鲜明对比。
E.g. Students who go to university immediately after gradation can better adjust themselves to the academic life,whereas/while those who take a gap year off are very unlikely to refocus their attention on study.
那些毕业后直接上大学的学生能更好地适应大学生活，而那些参加间隔年的学生却很可能无法再专注于学习。
五、举反例：
举反例也可以称为是假设论证，最不起眼但最最好用的方法！第一层与第二层逻辑衔接均可以使用。很多时候，假设论证与结果论证可以构成一定程度上的对比论证。
常用连接词：
Without sth.,…/if…not…,…
E.g. Without the experience of traveling or working during the gap year,students are unlikely to realize what their true interests are.
If students do not take a gap year off,they are unlikely to realize what their true interests are.
要是学生们不参加间隔年，他们很可能意识不到自己真正的兴趣是什么。
六、阐释：
解释说明的论证方法也是用得比较多的，就是对前一句话的递进说明，换种方式更简单地表达一遍，一般用于第一层逻辑衔接。
常用连接词：
…,namely,…
in simpler words/to put it more simply,…简而言之，…
In other words, … 换句话说，…
E.g.Gap year,namely,the year between finishing high school and starting university,is quite prevalent across the word,western countries in particular.
间隔年，简言之，即高中毕业和上大学前的这年，在全球是很普遍的，尤其是在西方国家。
常用句式：
…,by which I mean…,说这个我的意思是，…
E.g.Face-to-face instruction will never disappear,by which I mean the traditional way of teaching is irreplaceable to a large extent due to its overwhelming advantages.
面授永远不会消失，我的意思是，它在很大程度上由于其自身的绝对优势是不可替代的。
七、摆证据：
也称为数据法，如果编造数据务必保证它是合情合理的。更聪明的做法是可以描写一个现象，不一定要提到数据，但是要对现象进行扣题分析评论。
常用句式：
It is reported that…据报道，…
Scientists/Psychologists/Physicists have found that…科学家们/心理学家们/物理学家们发现…
A recent survey conducted(by the local government/the department of education/a related department) indicates that…
最近的一项由（当地政府/教育部门/有关部门）进行的调查显示了…。
例如以下这个考题就可以用数据法来进行论证：
In many cities,planner locates schools,homes,offices,shops in specific areas which were widely separate from each other. Do you agree the advantages of this policy overweigh the disadvantages?
A recent survey conducted by the central government indicates that cities where the buildings are wisely planned and allocated develop its economy more rapidly than those intensively-populated cities.
最近由中央政府进行的一项调查显示，那些建筑物分布合理的城市能比其他那些人口分布密集的城市更快地发展其他经济。
总之，根据以上的常规引导词和常用句式，希望烤鸭们能理解其中的逻辑思路。每个论证都是灵活的，考生们应根据自己的逻辑思维，以不变应万变，不要写成填空式作文。

1.
benefit of learning a range of traditional disciplines:
(1) expand their outlook, acquire diverse konwledge, improve their employability
(2)help students to discover which subject they like, so they can focus on this subject
disadvantage:
students do not have enough time and energy to learn so many courses ,which may lead to a failure to all the subjects

be more specialized and pay attention to some particular classes excluding general ones

advantages:
can specialize in one favorite skills ,devote all the time to study it, which can assist the student to a expert in this field.
disadvantages:
students do not learn general ones will have no chance to get a admission to university. if some student want to pusue their studies in the future

2
i agree with
two reasons
(1) they realise the importance of environmental protection, in the past peple focused on the exteiror appearance and practiality of buildings
(2) people have realised the importance of exercise society . therefore, it is understandable that new buildings were constructed without destructing sports courts and equipment.